Depression: explaining and treating

• What is one of the most common mental health disorders?

  Depression
• What percentage of adults in the UK experience depression?

  One in five adults
• Which demographic has a higher rate of depression symptoms?

  Women aged 16 to 29
• What is the percentage of women aged 16 to 29 experiencing depressive symptoms?

  Over 40%
• What is the purpose of the video mentioned in the text?

  To teach principles of depression
• What does the video suggest for those seeking support?

  Seek other organizations with resources
• What cognitive concept will be discussed in the video?

  Schemas
• What is a schema?

  A mental framework built from experience
• How do schemas help us navigate the world?

  They act as mental shortcuts
• What can negative schemas lead to?

  Biases about ourselves and events
• What are Beck's three types of negative schemas?

  Self, world, and future schemas
• What is the consequence of negative thought patterns in depression?

  Negative behaviors like avoidance and withdrawal
• What might a depressed individual avoid due to negative schemas?

  Social situations
• What is cognitive distortion according to Beck?

  Faulty negative thinking patterns
• What is overgeneralization in cognitive distortion?

  Assuming one negative experience will always happen
• What is selective abstraction?

  Focusing on one negative detail out of context
• What does the 'A' in Ellis's ABC model stand for?

  Activating event
• How do beliefs differ between those with and without depression in Ellis's model?

  Beliefs can be rational or irrational
• What might a person with a rational belief do after a breakup?

  Look for a new healthy relationship
• What is 'masturbatory thinking' according to Ellis?

  Not accepting we don't live in a perfect world
• What are the three musts that hold us back according to Ellis?

  I must do well, you must treat me well, the world must be easy
• What does research suggest about negative thinking and depression?

  Negative thinking styles increase depression risk
• What did March's study find about CBT and drug therapy effectiveness?

  Both had an effectiveness rate of 81%
• What is a criticism of cognitive theories of depression?

  They don't explain all aspects of depression
• What biological aspect is suggested to influence depression?

  Genetic predisposition
• What do cognitive theories assume about thoughts in depression?

  They are irrational
• What is the goal of cognitive therapy for depression?

  To change negative schemas
• What does Beck's CBT involve?

  Patients act as scientists
• What is the purpose of homework tasks in CBT?

  To identify and challenge negative thoughts
• What is the aim of shame attacking exercises in REBT?

  To confront fears and cope with disapproval
• How do Beck's and Ellis's therapies differ?

  Beck involves self-discovery, Ellis confronts directly
• What was the effectiveness rate of combined treatment in March's study?

  86%
• Why might some patients need drug therapy before CBT?

  To stabilize severe depression symptoms
• What is a potential downside of CBT according to critics?

  It may lead to victim blaming
• What is a criticism regarding the focus of CBT and REBT?

  They may overlook past trauma and social issues
• What is a cost consideration for CBT compared to drug therapy?

  CBT is more expensive for health services
• Why do some patients prefer drug treatments over CBT?

  Due to fewer side effects
• What is a long-term benefit of effective CBT?

  Patients can return to work productively
• What are the cognitive explanations for depression discussed in the video?

  • Beck's negative triad
  • Ellis's ABC model
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of cognitive therapies for depression?

  Strengths:

  • Effective in treating depression
  • Focus on changing negative thoughts

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • May overlook biological factors
  • Can lead to victim blaming