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Biology
brain
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Created by
Yasmin Younis
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Cards (34)
What is the brain primarily composed of?
Billions
of
interconnected
nerve cells
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What are the brain's primary functions?
Thoughts
,
memories
, and complex behaviors
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What two structures make up the central nervous system?
Brain
and
spinal cord
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What is the primary role of the brain in the central nervous system?
Making all the important
decisions
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What is the outermost layer of the brain called?
Cerebral cortex
or
cerebrum
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What functions is the cerebral cortex responsible for?
Consciousness
,
intelligence
,
memory
, and
language
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How is the cerebral cortex divided?
Two
hemispheres
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How do the brain's hemispheres control the body's muscles?
Left
controls
right
, right controls left
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Which part of the brain controls balance and muscle coordination?
Cerebellum
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What is the role of the hypothalamus?
Regulating
body
temperature
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What gland does the hypothalamus send signals to?
Pituitary gland
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Which part of the brain connects to the spinal cord?
Brain stem
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Which part of the brain stem controls unconscious activities?
Medulla
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Which unconscious activities does the medulla control?
Breathing and the
beating
of hearts
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How can studying brain damage help scientists understand the brain?
It reveals affected
functions
from damaged regions
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What can be inferred if brain damage causes a loss of hearing?
That
region
was responsible for hearing
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How does electrical stimulation help in studying the brain?
By observing the
effects
of stimulation
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What might stimulating a certain part of the brain cause?
Muscle contraction
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What does stimulating the vision region of the brain cause?
The
person's
vision
to go
funny
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What does a CT scan use to scan the brain?
X-rays
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What is a less invasive technique used to study the brain?
Scanning
the brain
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What do PET scans use to scan the brain?
Radioactive
chemicals
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What do MRI scans use to scan the brain?
Strong magnetic fields
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What are CT scans mainly used for?
Seeing which areas are
damaged
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What are PET and MRI scans better at measuring?
Underlying
brain activity
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What do brighter areas on an MRI indicate when feeling sad?
Areas
associated with feeling sadness
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What would listening to music in an MRI machine show?
A different pattern of
activity
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Why is treating the brain so difficult?
Wide range of potential
problems
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What are some of the things that can go wrong with the brain?
Tumors
,
infections
, and trauma
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What are some mental health problems related to the brain?
Depression
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Why is physical brain repair difficult?
Skull encasement
and
fragile tissue
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Why is treating the brain with drugs difficult?
Incomplete understanding of
underlying
processes
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Which senses are controlled by the cerebral cortex?
Vision
and
hearing
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Where is the medulla located?
Within the
brain stem
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