brain

Cards (34)

  • What is the brain primarily composed of?
    Billions of interconnected nerve cells
  • What are the brain's primary functions?
    Thoughts, memories, and complex behaviors
  • What two structures make up the central nervous system?
    Brain and spinal cord
  • What is the primary role of the brain in the central nervous system?
    Making all the important decisions
  • What is the outermost layer of the brain called?
    Cerebral cortex or cerebrum
  • What functions is the cerebral cortex responsible for?
    Consciousness, intelligence, memory, and language
  • How is the cerebral cortex divided?
    Two hemispheres
  • How do the brain's hemispheres control the body's muscles?
    Left controls right, right controls left
  • Which part of the brain controls balance and muscle coordination?
    Cerebellum
  • What is the role of the hypothalamus?
    Regulating body temperature
  • What gland does the hypothalamus send signals to?
    Pituitary gland
  • Which part of the brain connects to the spinal cord?
    Brain stem
  • Which part of the brain stem controls unconscious activities?
    Medulla
  • Which unconscious activities does the medulla control?
    Breathing and the beating of hearts
  • How can studying brain damage help scientists understand the brain?
    It reveals affected functions from damaged regions
  • What can be inferred if brain damage causes a loss of hearing?
    That region was responsible for hearing
  • How does electrical stimulation help in studying the brain?
    By observing the effects of stimulation
  • What might stimulating a certain part of the brain cause?
    Muscle contraction
  • What does stimulating the vision region of the brain cause?
    The person's vision to go funny
  • What does a CT scan use to scan the brain?
    X-rays
  • What is a less invasive technique used to study the brain?
    Scanning the brain
  • What do PET scans use to scan the brain?
    Radioactive chemicals
  • What do MRI scans use to scan the brain?
    Strong magnetic fields
  • What are CT scans mainly used for?
    Seeing which areas are damaged
  • What are PET and MRI scans better at measuring?
    Underlying brain activity
  • What do brighter areas on an MRI indicate when feeling sad?
    Areas associated with feeling sadness
  • What would listening to music in an MRI machine show?
    A different pattern of activity
  • Why is treating the brain so difficult?
    Wide range of potential problems
  • What are some of the things that can go wrong with the brain?
    Tumors, infections, and trauma
  • What are some mental health problems related to the brain?
    Depression
  • Why is physical brain repair difficult?
    Skull encasement and fragile tissue
  • Why is treating the brain with drugs difficult?
    Incomplete understanding of underlying processes
  • Which senses are controlled by the cerebral cortex?
    Vision and hearing
  • Where is the medulla located?
    Within the brain stem