skeletal system

• the functions of the skeleton are

  • protection
  • muscle attachments
  • movement
  • blood cell production
  • storage of calcium and phosphorus
  • production of platelets
• protection- bones act as a rigid shells or a cage to protect vital organs and reduce chance of injury
• protection- the cranium protects the brain during sport e.g a punch in boxing
• muscle attachment- bones provide a surface for muscles to attach to via tendons and when the muscle contracts movement occurs
• muscle attachment- the biceps attaches to the radius and the ulna
• muscle attachment- the ability to move during sport is essential and is created by muscles and tendons
• movement- a joint is where two bones meet and work with both muscles and bones to create movement
• movement is crucial in physical activity
• blood cell production - red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma are produced in the bone marrow of bones
• blood cell production- red blood cells carry oxygen to muscles during aerobic activities
• blood cell production- white blood cells fight infection and allow you to always train
• production of platelets - clot blood over cuts stopping infection and healing then
• mineral storage - calcium and phosphorus are stored in bones and help with strong bones and teeth helping prevent osteoporosis
• calcium and phosphorus are found in milk cheese and yoghurt
• mineral storage- calcium is used in muscle contraction to allow movement
• mineral storage- phosphorus helps reduce muscle pain after exercise
• mineral storage- calcium and phosphorus help with general health and strong bones reducing the risk of breaking them
• the spine -

  • carlos (cervical )
  • tevez (thoracic)
  • loves(lumbar)
  • scoring (sacrum)
  • crosses(coccyx)
• the cervical - provides support for the weight of your head allowing head movements and surrounds your spinal chords protecting it
• thoracic- stabilises your rib cage helping protect your heart and lung also stabilises your spine
• lumbar provides stability for back and spinal column by supporting most of the bodies weight and is a point of attachment for muscles and ligaments
• sacrum stabilises the pelvis
• coccyx helps to support your weight whilst you sit down
• most bones in the skeleton are formed from cartilage
• bones are hardened by calcium and other minerals
• the process of development from cartilage to bone is ossification
• bones are classified as long short flat and irregular
• long - phalanges femur humerus clavicle ulna radius fibula tibia metacarpals metatarsals
• short - carpals and tarsals
• flat- scapula sternum cranium ribs pelvis
• irregular patella sacrum coccyx thoracic lumbar cervical
• longs bones are for movement and leverage
• short bones absorb shock
• flat bones are for protection and muscle attachment
• irregular bones are for protection
• long bones are longer than they are wide
• short bones have a box shape to bear weight
• flat bones have a large surface area for muscle attachment
• irregular bones have an odd shape and varying functions
• a joint is where two or more bones meet and allow movement and rotation around an axis