long term

• long terms effects on the muscular system is muscular hypertrophy (increase in size and thickness of muscle) and increase strength
• long term effects on the skeletal system are increased bone density, increase in strength of ligaments and tendons (less likely for injury)
• long term effects on training are being able to train longer, train more frequently do more in sessions (recover quicker)
• long term effects on the respiratory system are increased lung capacity, increase alveoli, increase in the strength diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
• long term effects on the vascular system are decrease in blood pressure, increase in red blood cells, increase in capillarisation (more efficient gas exchange) increase in elasticity of vessels, increase cardiac output, cardiac hypertrophy, faster recovery rate, decrease in resting heart rate increase in stroke volume and training zone
• regular exercise leads to adaptions to body systems which benefit health and fitness improving performance