Genes

• gene

  A section of DNA that codes for a protein resulting in a characteristic
• deletion or addition mutations

  can result in frameshift in reading the codon which can result in a vastly different amino acids sequence and protein structure and function
• genetic code 1

  codons are non overlapping and read in 3
• genetic code 2

  universal with very few exceptions

  use the same 4 nitrogenous bases (A,T,(u),G,C)
• genetic code 3

  degenerate - more than one codon for some amino acids allowing flexibility on the construction of a polypeptide
• IB drawing

  RNA nucleotide: a monomer of RNA

  
• IB drawing

  DNA nucleotide

  
• IB drawing

  single strand of DNA with sequence of bases

  
• which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines

  T and C

  
• Which nitrogenous bases are purines

  A and G

  
• purines and pyrimidines

  occupy sufficient space to form H+ bonds whilst maintaining the structural shape of DNA
• IB drawing

  nucleotide triphosphate