theme D

• define civil war

  armed conflict within the same country
• define conscientious objector

  a person who refuses to do something due to their conscience
• define conventional warfare

  war using conventional weapons
• define holy war

  rules around fighting a war that is acceptable to Islam
• define just war

  rules around fighting a war that is acceptable in Christianity
• define nuclear proliferation

  the spread of nuclear weapons to countries not recognised as 'nuclear weapon states'
• define pacifism

  belief that all violence is wrong
• define protest

  voicing disagreement with something
• define WMD

  weapons of mass destruction, e.g. nuclear weapons
• Christian quote for justice

  'Defend the rights of the poor and orphans...Rescue them from the power of evil men.' -Bible
• Islam quote for resolving conflict

  'If the enemy inclines towards peace, then you should always incline towards peace and trust in Allah, for He is the One that hears and knows all'
• Christian quote for forgiveness

  '"Lord , how many times shall I forgive my brother or sister who sins against me? Up to seven times?" Jesus answered "...Not seven times, but seventy- seven times."'
• Islam quote for forgiveness

  'Those who pardon and maintain righteousness are rewarded by God. He does not love the unjust.'
• Examples of Christian pacifists

  Martin Luther King, Mother Theresa, Oscar Romero
• Christian quote for violent protest

  When Jesus saw people using the temple as a market place, he got angry and 'overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves.'
• Examples of terrorism?

  2017- Manchester Arena was bombed, 22 killed

  2001- World Trade Centre attacked, 2977 killed
• what are some reasons for conflict?

  self defence- all holy books suggest war is necessary for self-defence.

  greed- greed comes from selfishness which is not approved by religion.

  retaliation- religious communities would accept this as a reason for war.
• Example of Holy war? (Christianity)

  The Crusades- Christian soldiers believed that fighting to capture the Holy land is for a religious cause.
• what is lesser jihad?

  holy war, defending the faith of Islam
• Islam quote about conflict

  'Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits...if they cease let there be no hostility'
• what is greater jihad?

  a believer's internal struggle to live out the muslim faith as well as possible
• what does Shariah law state about war?

  -Only fought in defence

  -Civilians must not be harmed

  -Holy buildings must not be damaged

  -Crops must be left alone

  -there must be fair treatment towards war prisoners
• what Christian group promotes pacifism?

  Quakers
• what Catholic movement promotes pacifism?

  Pax Christi
• what Islamic group promotes pacifism?

  Muslim Peace Fellowship
• which countries have nuclear weapons?

  US, UK, Russia, France, Israel, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea
• reasons for nuclear weapons

  -some see them as a deterrent, ensuring peace and preventing further wars

  -using them can be beneficial as they can end wars early (utilitarianism)

  -countries with nuclear weapons wont attack each other to avoid being destroyed
• reasons against nuclear weapons

  -destruction is large and long-lasting, even countries that are not involved in war will be badly affected

  -no effective protection against them and no control over who has access to them

  -very expensive, the money could've been used in healthcare, aid and other vital things

  -all religions teach the importance of protecting earth and His creatures
• Examples of Islamic charities?

  Muslim Aid, Islamic Relief
• what would these charities do?

  -providing for refugees

  -protecting orphans

  -assisting the injured

  -sending aid like food and clothing

  -raising funds

  -praying for victims

  -offer education and counselling