Phlebotomy Chapter 2

• What are biological substances that can threaten human health called?

  Biohazards
• What do medical biohazards include?

  Contaminated materials like blood and body fluids
• Who regulates the handling and disposal of biohazardous wastes?

  OSHA and the CDC
• Why is it important to know state regulations regarding biohazards?

  State regulations often exceed federal requirements
• What should you always wear when handling biohazardous waste?

  Gloves
• How should biohazardous waste be disposed of?

  In red bags or containers labeled as biohazards
• What year did OSHA develop the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?

  1991
• What does the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard require from healthcare facilities?

  Annual employee training on exposure prevention
• What types of materials does the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard apply to?

  Blood products, body fluids, and human tissues
• What must employers provide to comply with the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?

  Documented training for all employees
• What topics are covered in the training for Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?

  Infectious diseases, PPE, and universal precautions
• What vaccine must employers offer at no charge?

  Hepatitis B vaccine
• What is the purpose of an occupational exposure control plan?

  Protocol for exposure to bloodborne pathogens
• What is a needlestick injury?


  A piercing wound caused by a needle
• How can needlestick injuries be prevented?

  With education, safety equipment, and elimination of needles
• When was the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act passed?

  2000
• What does the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act mandate?

  Use of safety devices to reduce injuries
• What features should phlebotomy devices have?

  Needlestick prevention features
• What should you do immediately after using a needle?

  Engage the safety feature and dispose in sharps container
• When should sharps containers be discarded?

  When they are two-thirds to three-quarters full
• What is the ultimate objective of the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act?

  To protect employees and patients from harm
• What can long-term exposure to hazardous drugs cause?

  Acute and chronic illnesses in healthcare workers
• What did NIOSH publish in 2004 regarding hazardous drugs?

  NIOSH Alert for preventing occupational exposures
• Why should phlebotomists be aware of hazardous drugs?

  They may draw blood from oncology patients
• What should be done when a biohazardous spill occurs?

  Handle it according to federal guidelines
• What should be included in a biohazard spill cleanup kit?

  Disposable dustpans and brushes
• What PPE should be used during a biohazard spill cleanup?

  Appropriate personal protective equipment
• What is the role of a designated safety officer in a hospital laboratory?

  To implement a laboratory safety program
• What can result from improper handling of equipment?

  Injury and illness
• What are physical hazards in the healthcare setting?

  Non-biological objects causing injury or illness
• What common sense precautions should be taken in healthcare?

  Avoid rushing and be aware of wet floors
• Why should long hair be tied back in healthcare settings?

  To prevent contamination and infection transfer
• What should be done when using laboratory equipment?

  Operate as recommended by the manufacturer
• What protective equipment should be used when handling extreme temperature specimens?

  Thermal gloves and hot mitts
• What should be done when using vacuum systems in hospitals?

  Use caution when opening tubes
• What are tripping hazards in the healthcare setting?

  Unnecessary clutter left on the floor
• What is ergonomics in the workplace?

  Adapting tasks for safe and productive performance
• What should be done when lifting heavy objects?

  Bend knees and use leg muscles
• What can latex allergies cause?

  Symptoms like chest tightness and shock
• What should be avoided to prevent latex allergies?

  Using powdered latex gloves