Protein synthesis

• Differences between mRNA and DNA:

  • mRNA is shorter than DNA
  • mRNA is a single strand
  • mRNA contains Uracil instead of thymine
• What is the template strand?

  The strand the RNA-polymerase move along to make mRNA
• What does tRNA mean?

  Transfer RNA
• What is a polypeptide chain?

  A chain of amino-acids (linked by peptide-bonds)
• What is a gene?


  A section of DNA that codes for protein
• What is a codon?


  Three bases that code for an amino acid
• Why are genes copied in the nucleus?

  DNA is too big to leave the nucleus
• What are the four bases?

  Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
• What is a mutation?

  A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can result in a change in the protein produced by that gene.