Multi-Store Memory

• Who Devised the Multi-Store Model?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin
• What is the Multi-Store Model?

  An explanation of how the memory works in terms of 3 stores:

  Sensory Register

  STM

  LTM

  Through flowing Storage systems
• Describe the structure of the Multi-Store Model

  Sensory memory goes into the STM. This is done through attention. The STM then encodes the memory and it is stored in the LTM. This can be brought back to the STM through rehearsal. If the memory fails to be transferred to the next memory store, it is forgotten.
• What is the Sensory Register?

  A short duration store that holds information we have gained through the 5 senses.
• How is the Sensory Register Mainly Coded?

  Via all 5 senses.

  Mainly iconic (visual) and echoic (acoustic)
• What is the Duration of the Sensory Register?

  Very Brief
• What is the Capacity of the Sensory Register

  Very High
• Describe Sperling's Research into the Sensory Register's Capacity

  Flashed a 3x4 grid of letters for 1/20th of a second. A different tone indicated for each row.

  Recall was high.

  Capacity for SR is very large.
• Was Case Study Supports the MSM?

  Case of HM:

  Man underwent surgery, his hippocampus was removed. When his memory was assessed, he thought it was 4 years ago. LTM was damaged but STM performed well. (Indicates separate stores)
• Positive Evaluation(s) of MSM

  First cognitive explanation - went on to progress and gave a greater understanding.

  Considerable evidence - shows they're different.

  Supported by amnesia cases.
• Negative Evaluation(s) of MSM

  More than one type of STM - KF couldn't recall digits when read aloud but could when read to himself.

  Most studies don't represent real life situations

  More than one type of LTM

  Focuses of structure not processes.