chemistry 🧪🧪

• What does the law of conservation of energy state?

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• What happens to energy when it is dissipated?

  It transfers to less useful stores
• Where does all energy eventually transfer to?

  The thermal store of the surroundings
• What methods can reduce unwanted energy transfers?

  • Lubrication to reduce friction
  • Thermal insulation to reduce heat transfer
• What is the formula to calculate energy transferred using charge flow?

  E = Q x V
• What does the energy transferred by an appliance depend on?

  Power and time of operation
• How do you calculate work done using force and distance?

  W = Force x Distance
• If a force of 20 N is applied over a distance of 2 m, what is the work done?

  40 J
• What is the formula for calculating energy in terms of charge and potential difference?

  E = Q x V
• If the charge is 0.206 C and the potential difference is 15 V, what is the energy?

  3.09 J
• What happens to energy in a bungee jump at the start?

  All energy is stored as gravitational potential energy (GPE)
• What occurs to energy as the jumper falls?

  GPE is converted to kinetic energy (KE)
• What are the energy transformations in a pendulum swing?

  • At the highest point: maximum GPE
  • As it swings down: GPE converts to KE
  • At the lowest point: maximum KE
  • As it swings back up: KE converts back to GPE
• What is the law of conservation of energy?

  Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated (wasted) but it cannot be created or destroyed
• What happens when energy is dissipated?

  It has been transferred to less useful stores
• Where does all energy eventually transfer to?

  The thermal store of the surroundings
• How can unwanted energy transfers be reduced?

  Through lubrication and thermal insulation
• What are the different forms of energy transfers in a system?

  • Useful energy
  • Dissipated energy (thermal)
• What is the formula to calculate the amount of energy transferred?

  Energy = Charge x Potential difference
• How is the energy transferred by an electrical appliance calculated?

  Energy transferred = Power x Time
• What happens to the energy in a bungee jump?

  • At the start, all the energy is in the form of gravitational potential energy (GPE)
  • As the jumper falls, the GPE is transferred to kinetic energy (KE)
  • When the bungee rope is fully extended, all the energy is in the form of KE
  • As the jumper bounces back up, the KE is transferred back to GPE
  • This cycle of energy transfer between GPE and KE continues
• How does friction affect the energy of a pendulum?

  Friction causes energy to be transferred to thermal energy, causing the pendulum to gradually swing with reduced amplitude and eventually stop
• What is the formula to calculate work done?

  Work done = Force x Distance
• If a force of 4000 N acts over a distance of 10 m, what is the work done?

  $40000 \text{ J}$
• What is the formula to calculate energy?

  Energy = Charge x Potential difference
• If a charge of 0.206 C flows through a potential difference of 15 V, what is the energy transferred?

  $3.09 \text{ J}$
• What is the formula to calculate power?

  Power = Energy / Time
• If 600,000 J of energy is transferred in 3 minutes, what is the power?

  $3333 \text{ W}$
• What are the key differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods?

  Qualitative:

  • Provides in-depth, rich data
  • Flexible and adaptable
  • Captures complex phenomena
  • Time-consuming and labor-intensive
  • Potential for researcher bias
  • Limited generalizability
  • Difficulty in replicating results

  
  

  Quantitative:

  • Provides numerical data
  • Objective and unbiased
  • Allows for statistical analysis
  • Generalizable findings
  • Structured and standardized
  • Lacks depth of understanding
  • May oversimplify complex phenomena