Aufbau Principle and Configuration

• What is the value of n for each set of quantum numbers shown in the image?

  • n = 1
  • n = 2
  • n = 3
  • n = 4
  • n = 5
  • n = 6
  • n = 7
  • n = 8
• How can the information in this image be used to determine the electron configuration of an atom?

  The quantum numbers (n, l, m) can be used to determine the allowed electron configurations for an atom by filling the orbitals according to the Pauli exclusion principle
• What do the orbitals represent in the context of electron occupancy?

  Regions where electrons are most likely found
• What does the analogy of building a toy house floor by floor illustrate about electron configuration?

  Electrons fill orbitals in order of energy
• What is the order in which electrons fill orbitals according to the Aufbau Principle?

  • 1s
  • 2s
  • 2p
  • 3s
  • 3p
  • 4s
  • 3d
• What does the Aufbau Principle state about electron occupancy?

  Electrons occupy lowest energy levels first
• What is the Aufbau Principle?

  Toys fill the lowest energy levels first
• What does the toy house represent in the analogy?

  An atom
• What do electrons resemble in the analogy used?

  Toys
• What happens when the bottom floor is full according to the Aufbau Principle?

  Toys go to the next floor up
• How are the rooms in the toy house described?

  Some are small and cozy, others bigger
• What is the value of the angular momentum quantum number (l) for the 1s orbital?

  0
• How do electrons fill orbitals according to the Aufbau Principle?

  • Start with the lowest energy orbitals
  • Fill small, cozy orbitals first
  • Move to bigger orbitals only when full
• What do the different quantum numbers (l, m) represent in the image?

  • l represents the angular momentum quantum number
  • m represents the magnetic quantum number
• What is the value of the angular momentum quantum number (l) for the 1s orbital?

  0
• How do the values of l and m change as n increases?

  • As n increases, the possible values of l increase from 0 to n-1
  • As l increases, the possible values of m increase from -l to +l
• What is the next orbital after 3p?

  4s
• What is the value of n for each set of quantum numbers shown in the image?

  • n = 1
  • n = 2
  • n = 3
  • n = 4
  • n = 5
  • n = 6
  • n = 7
  • n = 8
• How can the information in this image be used to determine the electron configuration of an atom?

  The quantum numbers (n, l, m) can be used to determine the allowed electron configurations for an atom by filling the orbitals according to the Pauli exclusion principle
• What is the shape of the f subshell?

  More complex shape
• What is the value of the magnetic quantum number (m) for the 2p orbital?

  -1, 0, 1
• What is the last orbital filled in the Aufbau sequence?

  7p
• How do electrons fill their orbitals?

  • Electrons follow a specific order
  • They fill each orbital before moving to the next
  • The process is like navigating a maze
• How do the values of l and m change as n increases?

  • As n increases, the possible values of l increase from 0 to n-1
  • As l increases, the possible values of m increase from -l to +l
• Which orbital do electrons fill after 2s?

  2p
• What does the Aufbau Principle filling sequence follow?

  A diagonal rule across periods
• What is the shape of the object in the first image?

  Radial
• Which orbital is filled after 4s in the Aufbau sequence?

  3d
• What shape is the p-classroom compared to?

  Two balloons tied together
• How many orbitals does the p-classroom have?

  3 orbitals
• What does the diagonal rule in the Aufbau Principle indicate?

  It shows how to fill energy levels
• How does the winding path analogy help understand electron filling?

  It illustrates the specific order of filling
• What is the first orbital to be filled according to the Aufbau Principle?

  1s
• What orbital do electrons fill after 2p?

  3s
• What do the three images represent in terms of mathematical concepts?

  • The three images represent different types of vector fields:
  • The first image shows a radial vector field
  • The second image shows a saddle vector field
  • The third image shows a source/sink vector field
• How does the filling sequence progress after 1s?

  It fills 2s, then 2p
• How many students can each orbital hold?

  2 students
• How do the properties of the vector fields differ between the three images?

  • The radial vector field has vectors pointing outward from a central point
  • The saddle vector field has vectors pointing towards and away from a central point
  • The source/sink vector field has vectors spiraling outward from or inward towards a central point
• How many orbitals does the d-classroom have?

  5 orbitals
• How could the source/sink vector field in the third image be used to model a physical phenomenon?

  It could be used to model diffusion processes or fluid flow