Relationships

    Cards (82)

    • What drives human reproductive behavior according to the evolutionary explanation?
      The need to survive and reproduce
    • What is sexual selection?
      Competition for mates based on traits
    • Who typically chooses mates in intersexual selection?
      Females choose mates based on traits
    • Why are females more selective in mate choice?
      Females invest more in offspring
    • What is intrasexual selection?
      Competition among the same sex for mates
    • What do males compete for in intrasexual selection?
      Access to attract members of the opposite sex
    • What are enhanced secondary sexual characteristics?
      Physical traits selected for by both genders
    • What qualities do females look for in potential mates?
      Resources, money, and physical characteristics
    • What do males look for in potential mates?
      Fertility indicators for healthy offspring
    • What did Dunbar and Wayf (1995) find about male preferences?
      42% of males sought youth in mates
    • What did Clark and Hatfield (1989) discover about sexual propositions?
      0% of females agreed to sex, 75% of males did
    • What did Cunningham (1986) find attractive in men?
      Images of youthful faces and large eyes
    • What hip-to-waist ratio is preferred cross-culturally?
      0.7 hip-to-waist ratio
    • What is a criticism of the evolutionary approach to partner preferences?
      It legitimizes a gender double standard
    • What is self-disclosure in romantic relationships?
      Sharing personal information to build trust
    • What does social penetration theory suggest?
      Relationships develop from shallow to intimate topics
    • What is reciprocity in self-disclosure?
      Mutual sharing of information between partners
    • How does appropriateness affect self-disclosure?
      Inappropriate disclosure can lower attraction
    • What did Sper and Hendrik find about self-disclosure?
      Positive correlation with relationship quality
    • What is a limitation of self-disclosure research?
      Much of it is correlational, not causal
    • What is the halo effect in physical attractiveness?
      Attractive people are assumed successful in life
    • What does the matching hypothesis suggest?
      People seek partners of similar attractiveness
    • What did Merin (1972) find about couple attractiveness?
      Couples were similar in attractiveness levels
    • How does online dating relate to the matching hypothesis?
      It relies heavily on visual cues for selection
    • What is filter theory in romantic relationships?
      Attraction passes through a series of filters
    • What is the first filter in filter theory?
      Social demography influences initial attraction
    • What is the second filter in filter theory?
      Similarity in attitudes enhances attraction
    • What is the third filter in filter theory?
      Complementarity provides emotional needs
    • What did Kirkoff and Davies (1962) find about short-term relationships?
      Similarity of attitudes was most important
    • How do beliefs converge in long-term relationships?
      Partners communicate and share values over time
    • What is social exchange theory?
      Relationships are like a cost-benefit analysis
    • What is the minmax principle in social exchange theory?
      Maximizing rewards while minimizing losses
    • What are some rewards in a relationship?
      Self-esteem, friendship, and financial security
    • What is comparison level in social exchange theory?
      Evaluating relationships against past experiences
    • What is comparison of alternatives in social exchange theory?
      Considering other potential partners for better rewards
    • What is equity in social exchange theory?
      Balance of rewards and costs for both partners
    • What is investment theory in social exchange theory?
      Considering resources invested in the relationship
    • What are intrinsic investments in a relationship?
      Resources placed directly into the relationship
    • What are extrinsic investments in a relationship?
      Resources originally outside now connected to the relationship
    • What did Rosor (1983) find about cost-benefit analysis in relationships?
      It applied less at the start of a relationship
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