tests for anions

• What are anions?

  Negatively charged ions
• What tests are covered for anions in the video?

  • Test for carbonate ions
  • Test for sulfate ions
  • Test for halide ions
• What happens when a carbonate reacts with an acid?

  It forms a salt, carbon dioxide, and water
• How can you test for carbonates in a solution?

  Add dilute hydrochloric acid and lime water
• What indicates a positive test for carbonates?

  Lime water turns cloudy
• What is the test for sulfates based on?

  Formation of barium sulfate precipitate
• What are the steps to test for sulfates?

  1. Add dilute hydrochloric acid to remove impurities
  2. Add barium chloride solution
  3. Observe for white precipitate
• Why do we add dilute hydrochloric acid before testing for sulfates?

  To remove carbonate and sulfite impurities
• What color precipitate indicates the presence of sulfates?

  White precipitate
• What is the test for halide ions based on?

  Formation of precipitate with silver ions
• What are the steps to test for halide ions?

  1. Add dilute nitric acid to remove impurities
  2. Add silver nitrate solution
  3. Observe the color of the precipitate
• What color precipitate forms with chloride ions?

  White precipitate
• What color precipitate forms with bromide ions?

  Cream precipitate
• What color precipitate forms with iodide ions?

  Yellow precipitate
• What is the significance of the color of the precipitate in halide tests?

  It indicates which halide ion is present
• What is the alternative name for the halide test?

  Silver nitrate test
• What are the key points of the tests for anions discussed in the video?

  • Carbonates: React with acid, test with lime water
  • Sulfates: React with barium ions, form white precipitate
  • Halides: React with silver ions, color indicates type