BIOMOLECULE

• Macromolecule: substances that form from joining many small molecule together.
• The four macromolecules in the body: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
• Carbohydrates: formed when simple sugar are joined together.
• Lipid: made up of fatty acid and glycerol. It is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like alcohol or ether.
• Proteins: this is formed when amino acids joins together
• Nucleic Acid: formed when nucleotides join together
• Monosaccharide is the simplest form of carbohydrate with a general formula of (CH2O)n. It is sometimes called single sugar and are said to be the building blocks of complex carbohydrates. These are soluble in water.
• Disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are combined. This formation is made possible by a process called dehydration synthesis, where the linking of two monosaccharides gives way to the removal of the hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group (–OH), forming water. Like monosaccharides, this is soluble in water.
• Polysaccharides are the most abundant type of carbohydrates that are naturally occurring. There are hundreds or thousands of monosaccharides bonded together. Aside from serving as energy storage, these are an essential part of the structural material of plants