Lesson 29 reproduction

• What hormone stimulates the pituitary gland to produce FSH?

  GnRH
• What does FSH stimulate in the ovaries?

  The maturation of follicles
• What hormone do the ovaries produce as follicles mature?

  Oestrogen
• How many eggs does FSH start maturing in the ovaries?

  10-20 eggs
• What is the significance of the dominant follicle during the menstrual cycle?

  Only one follicle releases a mature egg
• What does the 'F' in FLAT-PEG stand for?

  Follicle Stimulating Hormone
• What does oestrogen stimulate in the uterus?

  The growth of the endometrium
• When does oestrogen production decline during the menstrual cycle?

  After the mature follicle is released
• What does testosterone regulate in men?

  Sex drive, muscle mass, and bone mass
• What happens to testosterone levels as men age?

  Testosterone declines
• What does growth hormone (GH) stimulate?

  Development of bone and muscle mass
• At what age do girls typically experience a growth spurt?

  12-13 years
• What are the primary sexual characteristics that develop during puberty?

  • Development of reproductive organs
  • Changes in the pituitary gland
  • Growth of breasts in females
  • Growth of body hair in males
• What changes occur in the uterus during puberty?

  The uterus enlarges and the vagina lengthens
• What secondary sexual characteristic develops in females during puberty?

  Breast growth
• What happens to the areola during breast development in puberty?

  It enlarges and darkens
• When do boys typically experience a growth spurt compared to girls?

  1-2 years later
• What type of hair grows during puberty?

  Pubic and facial hair
• What primary sexual characteristics are present at birth in males?

  Penis, scrotum, and testes
• What hormonal changes influence the enlargement of the penis and testes during puberty?

  Growth and reproductive hormones
• What causes spontaneous erections in males during puberty?

  Blood flow into chambers
• What is produced by the testicles during puberty?

  Sperm
• What is the term for the period when both girls and boys experience growth spurts?

  Adolescence
• What happens to baby teeth during adolescence?

  They are lost
• How do primary sexual characteristics differ from secondary sexual characteristics?

  Primary are present at birth; secondary develop during puberty
• What is the role of growth hormones in children?

  Stimulate development and repair of tissues
• What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

  Follicular phase and luteal phase
• What is the role of the ovaries in the menstrual cycle?

  Release eggs and produce hormones
• What happens during ovulation?

  The mature egg is released from the ovary
• What is the significance of the menstrual cycle?

  It prepares the body for potential pregnancy
• What changes occur in the vagina during puberty?

  It lengthens
• What is the primary function of the uterus?

  Support fetal development
• What is the role of the pituitary gland in the reproductive system?

  It secretes hormones that regulate reproduction
• What is the primary role of oestrogen in females?

  Regulate the menstrual cycle
• What is the relationship between FSH and oestrogen?

  FSH stimulates oestrogen production
• How do hormonal changes during puberty affect physical development?

  They lead to growth spurts and sexual maturation
• What are the primary sexual characteristics present at birth?

  Penis, scrotum, and testes
• What happens to the testicles before puberty?

  They are internal
• What influences changes during puberty?

  Growth and reproductive hormones
• What is one effect of blood flow during puberty?

  Spontaneous erections