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types of experiments
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Cards (13)
what is an experiment?
when the
independent variable
(IV ) is
manipulated
by the researcher between two or more
conditions
(DV) of the experiment
what is a lab experiment?
defined by a high level of control the researcher has over
variables
advantages of lab exp?
->allows a confident establishment of
cause to effect relationship
->high in
internal validity
-> easily
replicated
= greater validity
disadvantages of lab exp?
-> lacks
mundane realism
->can lead to increase in
demand characteristics
-> low in
external validity
what is a field experiment?
conducted in a
naturalistic
setting
eg. town centre
advantages of field exp?
->high
ecological validity
->increase
mundane realism
->less
demand characteristics
disadvantage of field exp?
->lack of control over
extraneous variables
->
internal validity
is lower
what is a natural experiment?
the levels of
IV
have occurred naturally without influence of
researcher
eg.
earthquake
advantages of natural exp?
-> enables research into previously unavailable subjects
-> high in external validity
disadvantages of natural exp?
-> no control over
extraneous variables
->often rare events that cannot be replicated (lacks
reliability
)
what is a quasi exp?
participants are not
randomly
assigned levels of
IV
due to it occuring
naturally
eg. age
advantages of quasi exp?
-> only way to experimentally study
pre-existing
characteristics
disadvantages of quasi exp?
->
confounding variables
cannot be controlled
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