modern medicine

    Cards (51)

    • What was a key point about the modern period in medicine?
      It was a time of rapid change
    • Why did institutions become more involved in medicine?
      Less laissez-faire ideas began to end
    • How did the understanding of germs and DNA improve during the modern period?
      It led to better health actions needed
    • What role did government action in the 1800s play in the 20th century?
      It encouraged continued government involvement
    • What impact did wars have on medical practices?
      They led to new injuries and surgical understanding
    • How did World War II influence public health expectations?
      People expected government health support
    • What is "big science" in the context of modern medicine?
      Cooperation among scientists globally
    • What is the link between lifestyle and health?
      Smoking is linked to serious diseases
    • What diseases are linked to unprotected sex?
      HIV and AIDS
    • How has technology improved illness diagnosis?
      Better technology allows effective diagnosis
    • What technology allows doctors to see inside the body?
      X-rays
    • What does an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor?
      Heart activity
    • How has knowledge of DNA and genetics changed disease understanding?
      Some diseases are hereditary, not microbial
    • How has treatment improved due to equipment advancements?
      High-tech equipment is now commonly used
    • What treatments are used to shrink cancerous tumors?
      Radiotherapy and chemotherapy
    • What is dialysis used for?
      To wash a patient's blood
    • What is keyhole surgery designed to do?
      Reduce scarring during operations
    • What challenges do new diseases present for remedies?
      New remedies need to be discovered
    • What is a limitation of improving remedies?
      Some diseases have become drug-resistant
    • Why are lifestyle factors difficult to cure?
      They are personal choices
    • What role do government health campaigns play?
      Promote healthy lifestyles and diets
    • What was a significant public health measure during the Ebola crisis?
      Quarantine of travelers
    • What did the Health Act of 2006 accomplish?
      Banned smoking in workplaces
    • What did the Clean Air Acts of 1956 and 1968 aim to reduce?
      Air pollution known as smog
    • What is the purpose of mass vaccination programs?
      To eliminate major diseases
    • Who discovered penicillin?
      Alexander Fleming
    • What did Robert Koch discover in the 1870s and 1880s?
      Specific microbes cause specific diseases
    • What did Louis Pasteur prove in the 1880s?
      How vaccinations work by producing antibodies
    • What inspired Fleming to develop penicillin?
      Soldiers dying from infections in WWI
    • What was a key element of luck in Fleming's discovery?
      Penicillium mold blew through his window
    • What did Fleming realize about penicillin by 1928?
      It kills streptococcus and staphylococcus
    • What limitation did Fleming face with penicillin?
      He couldn't produce enough of it
    • Who made key improvements to penicillin between 1938 and 1941?
      Howard Florey and Ernst Chain
    • What technique did Florey and Chain develop for penicillin?
      Freeze-drying technique for faster production
    • How did Florey and Chain prove penicillin could cure infections?
      They tested it on a patient named Albert Alexander
    • What role did the US government play in penicillin production?
      Provided funding for mass production
    • What was the significance of the discovery of DNA in 1953?
      It revealed the structure of DNA
    • What was mapped from 1990 to 2000?
      The entire human genome
    • How does understanding DNA help in disease prevention?
      Allows screening for genetic disease risks
    • What is a potential preventative measure for high-risk breast cancer patients?
      Mastectomy to remove breast tissue
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