Protein Synthesis

Cards (12)

What are the different bases found in nucleotides
A,G,C,T
Why do the two strands join together
They are complementary
What is a protein
polymers of amino acids
What does the order of the amino acid determine
The shape of the protein which determines the function of the protein
How is the order of amino acids determined
The sequence of a base in the gene for the protein
What is the first stage of protein synthesis and where does it take place
Transcription in the nucleus
What occurs in transcription
The base sequence of the gene is copied into a complementary template molecule. This is a single stranded molecule which then passes out the nucleus into the cytoplasm
What is the template molecule called
Messanger RNA or mRNA
What is the second stage of protein synthesis and where does it take place
Translation in the cytoplasm
What occurs in translation
The mRNA molecule attaches to the ribosomes and the amino acids get brought to the ribosome on a carrier molecule. The ribosome reads the triplets of bases on the mRNA and uses this to join together the correct amino acids in the right order.
What is the carrier molecule called
Transfer RNA or tRNA
What happens after these two stages
Once the chain is complete it folds to its unique shape