cells of the nervous system & neurotransmitters

    Cards (62)

    • What are the key components of the nervous system?
      Nerve fibers and neurotransmitters
    • What role do neurotransmitters play at synapses?
      They relay signals across synaptic clefts
    • What is the function of glial cells?
      Support and maintain neurons
    • What happens when diseases destroy nerve fibers?
      It leads to loss of coordination
    • What is the structure of a neuron composed of?
      Dendrites, cell body, and axon
    • How do sensory neurons function?
      They carry messages from sense organs to CNS
    • What is the role of motor neurons?
      Carry messages from CNS to effectors
    • What is a synapse?
      A tiny gap between neurons
    • What is the function of myelin sheaths?
      Insulate axons and increase impulse speed
    • What occurs at the synapse during neurotransmission?
      Neurotransmitters are released and bind to receptors
    • What determines if a signal is excitatory or inhibitory?
      The type of receptors on the post-synaptic neuron
    • What is the reward pathway in the brain?
      A neural pathway that reinforces beneficial behaviors
    • What is drug addiction caused by?
      Repeated use of drugs acting as antagonists
    • How does drug tolerance develop?
      Through repeated use leading to desensitization
    • How do agonists affect neurotransmitter receptors?
      They stimulate specific receptors in the nervous system
    • What is the role of enzymes in neurotransmitter removal?
      They break down neurotransmitters in the synapse
    • What is the effect of recreational drugs on neurotransmission?
      They alter neurotransmission in the brain
    • What happens to neurotransmitters after they transmit a signal?
      They are either degraded or reabsorbed
    • How does addiction relate to neurotransmitter levels?
      Addiction leads to changes in neurotransmitter sensitivity
    • What is the significance of endorphins in the brain?
      They are linked to pain relief and pleasure
    • What is the function of dopamine in the reward pathway?
      It reinforces behaviors that are beneficial
    • How do antagonists affect neurotransmitter receptors?
      They block specific receptors from activation
    • What is the cumulative effect in neural pathways?
      It refers to the summation of signals
    • What is the role of vesicles in neurotransmission?
      They store neurotransmitters for release
    • What is the minimum number of neurotransmitters needed to trigger an impulse?
      A sufficient amount to reach threshold
    • What is the effect of continuous stimulation on neurotransmitters?
      It can lead to neurotransmitter depletion
    • How do recreational drugs affect mood and behavior?
      They alter neurotransmission affecting mood
    • What is the significance of the synaptic cleft?
      It is the gap where neurotransmitters diffuse
    • What is the role of mitochondria in neurons?
      They provide energy for neurotransmitter release
    • How does the body respond to stimulants?
      By increasing neurotransmitter release
    • What is the relationship between neurotransmitters and behavior?
      Neurotransmitters influence mood and actions
    • What is the impact of drug use on neurotransmitter systems?
      It can lead to changes in receptor sensitivity
    • What is the effect of agonists on neurotransmitter receptors?
      They enhance the effects of neurotransmitters
    • How do neurotransmitters affect pain perception?
      They can reduce the intensity of pain signals
    • What is the significance of receptor sensitivity in addiction?
      It determines the craving for more drugs
    • What is the role of the presynaptic neuron?
      It releases neurotransmitters into the synapse
    • What is the function of the post-synaptic neuron?
      It receives signals from the synapse
    • How does the body regulate neurotransmitter levels?
      Through degradation and reuptake mechanisms
    • What is the cumulative effect of weak stimuli?
      It can lead to a stronger overall response
    • What is the role of synaptic vesicles?
      They store neurotransmitters for release
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