Kinetics

• What is the focus of this revision video?

  Kinetics for AQA
• Who is the presenter of the video?

  Chris Aris
• What is the purpose of the PowerPoints mentioned?

  To aid in revision on kinetics
• Why do most collisions not lead to a reaction?

  Particles often bounce off each other
• How is activation energy represented in an energy profile diagram?

  Difference between reactants and peak energy
• What happens to the activation energy in a reaction?

  It must be met for a reaction to occur
• What is the role of zeolite as a catalyst?

  Increases reaction efficiency with large surface area
• What is the effect of a catalyst on an energy profile diagram?

  It lowers the activation energy required
• What is the disappearing cross reaction?

  A method to time precipitate formation
• What is a limitation of the disappearing cross method?

  Difficulty in determining when cross disappears
• How can mass loss be measured in reactions?

  By using a top pan balance
• What is a concern when measuring mass loss of toxic gases?

  Need for a fume cupboard
• What is the overall summary of the video on kinetics?

  Overview of kinetics and factors affecting rates
• What must particles do for a reaction to occur?

  Collide with enough energy and correct orientation
• Why do fast reactions require plenty of fast-moving particles?

  To increase the frequency of successful collisions
• Why do most collisions not result in a reaction?

  Due to wrong conditions like orientation or energy
• What is activation energy (E_a)?

  The minimum kinetic energy needed to react
• What happens to reactions with low activation energy?

  They often happen easily
• What is the effect of increasing concentration on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the rate of reaction
• What does the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution illustrate?

  The range of particle energies in a gas
• What does the area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann curve represent?

  The number of particles
• How does increasing temperature affect the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve?

  It shifts the peak to the right
• What is the transition state in a reaction?

  • Highest potential energy point
  • Where reactants turn into products
• What is the relationship between energy changes and bond formation in exothermic and endothermic reactions?

  • Exothermic: Energy released > Energy needed
  • Endothermic: Energy needed > Energy released
• What is the significance of the peak in the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve?

  • Represents the most probable energy of particles
  • Average energy is to the right of the peak