Postmodern Explanation

• Why do PMs disregard structural theories?


  World has become fragmented = no single meta-narrative explaining the reason for youth subs
• PMs argue that we live in a _____- saturated society and a _____-_______ where media images are more important than real events.

  media-saturated society and a hyper-reality
• Whose concept is the 'supermarket of style'?

  Polhemus
• Why does Polhemus consider y. subcultures to be a thing of the past?

  Youths aren't willing to commit to one style anymore, instead we create identity using what we see in the media
• Whose concept is a 'neo-tribe'?

  Maffesoli
• What is a 'neo-tribe'?

  Loosely organised group revolving around a style/music genre with no deep commitment
• Linking to 'neo-tribes', what did Bennett find when he studied the Newcastle club scene?


  Youths engage with diff. crowds and music, NOT identifying with 1 particular style
• AO3: How to Hollands & Chatterton critique this view?

  Y. culture nowadays is mainstream corporate, unlike how creative neo-tribes are suggested to be.
• AO3: Which 2 subs haven't completely disappeared, unlike PMs suggest?

  Goths + Geeks
• AO3: Why is this entire explanation imprecise?

  1. Don't spend whole lives online
  2. Not free to make any identity (esp. if poor, WC)
• Who studied Goths?


  Paul Hodkinson
• What are some unique characteristics of Goths?

  • Dramatic blk + yt makeup
  • Body piercings
  • Horror genre aesthetic
• AO3: Why did Hodkinson say that the Goth subculture ISN'T resisting capitalism?

  Many Goths run small businesses selling Goth related goods
• The Geek subculture is predominantly made up of which class?

  Middle class
• What is the Geek subculture associated with?

  Academically successful BUT socially excluded youths
• What did Petrides argue?

  The Internet makes microcosmic movements, not mass movements
• What did St John argue?

  SM empowers youths to form online tribes around political/social issues called 'post-rave technotribes'