earth science

• What is the process of breaking rocks into smaller pieces called?

  Weathering
• What causes the weathering of rocks?

  Water and air
• What type of rock is formed from the remains of other rocks?

  Sedimentary rock
• What is the role of rivers in the rock cycle?

  They transport broken rock to the sea
• What are the two types of igneous rock?

  Extrusive and intrusive
• How do intrusive igneous rocks form?

  From molten magma cooling underground
• What characterizes extrusive igneous rocks?

  They cool from lava above ground
• What is climate change?

  The change in Earth's average temperature
• What powers the carbon cycle?

  Photosynthesis
• What do plants take from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide
• What are the products of photosynthesis?

  Glucose and oxygen
• What is the role of decomposition in the carbon cycle?

  It recycles carbon back into the environment
• What is combustion?

  Burning fossil fuels
• What is the greenhouse effect?

  Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere
• What are some greenhouse gases?

  Methane and carbon dioxide
• How do human activities contribute to greenhouse gases?

  Through burning fossil fuels and deforestation
• What are the main processes in the carbon cycle?

  • Photosynthesis
  • Respiration
  • Decomposition
  • Combustion
  • Fossilization
• What are the differences between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

  Intrusive:

  • Formed underground
  • Large crystals (e.g., granite)

  
  

  Extrusive:

  • Formed above ground
  • Small crystals (e.g., obsidian)