Natural polymers

• What are the units that make up polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch, and glycogen?

  Sugar units
• What is the name and chemical formula of the monosaccharide unit in polysaccharides?

  Glucose, $C_6H_{12}O_6$
• What is the main difference between cellulose, starch, and glycogen polymers?

  The arrangement of monomers

  
• What type of polymers is DNA?

  Natural polymers
• What are the three components of a nucleotide?

  Sugar, phosphate group, and a base
• What determines the protein formed when combining different amino acids in the same chain?

  The order of the amino acids
• What are the two types of polymers?

  Natural or synthetic
• What industry relies on synthetic polymers?

  The organic chemicals industry
• How do synthetic polymers compare to their natural counterparts in cost?

  Usually cheaper
• How do synthetic polymers compare to their natural counterparts in function?

  Often better suited
• What are the properties of amino acids?

  • Two different functional groups
  • Amine - NH2
  • Carboxyl - COOH
  • React by condensation polymerisation
  • Produce polypeptides
  • Different amino acids combine in the same chain
  • Produce proteins
• Name a use of a natural polymer

  Cotton clothing
• What is the main structural and functional difference between starch and cellulose?

  The glycosidic bond