India

• What was the time period of India's road to independence discussed in the material?

  1914-47
• Which groups provided instant support at the outbreak of World War One?

  Congress, the Muslim League, princely states
• How many princely states put their armies at Britain’s disposal?

  27
• What was the name of the hospital ship commissioned by the princely states?

  Loyalty
• Who was a radical Indian politician that declared loyalty to Britain?

  Bal Tilak
• How many additional troops were recruited by November 1914?

  827,000
• What was the largest single imperial contribution to the war effort?

  India's troop recruitment
• When did the first Indian force arrive in Marseilles?

  September 1914
• What battle did the first Indian force participate in?

  First Battle of Ypres
• What was the condition of one Indian battalion by early November 1914?

  Half its original number of fit soldiers
• Why were Indian regiments rested in early 1915?

  Due to low morale in winter
• Where were two infantry divisions sent in December 1915?

  The Middle East
• What was a reason for sending Indian troops to the Middle East?

  Indians were more used to the heat
• How many Indians were recruited by the end of World War One?

  1.5 million
• How many Indian soldiers died during the war?

  64,500
• How much money did India contribute to the war effort?

  Over £146 million
• What economic impact did the war have on ordinary people in India?

  Increased taxation and rising prices
• What happened in India due to the failure of monsoon rains in 1918-19?

  The situation worsened for ordinary people
• Which sectors benefited from Indian manufacturing during the war?

  Iron and steel, sugar, engineering, chemicals
• What was the government's challenge during the war in India?

  Juggling demands from London and local disturbances
• When was the Montagu Declaration announced?

  August 20, 1917
• Who announced the Montagu Declaration?

  Edwin Montagu
• What did the Montagu Declaration commit Britain to do?

  Give India self-government
• What was Montagu's view on British administration in India?

  It was conservative, complex, and slow
• What act placed India under the Defence of India Act?

  Rowlatt Act
• What powers did the Defence of India Act give to the viceroy?

  Additional executive powers
• What did the Rowlatt Commission investigate?

  Revolutionary activity in India
• When did the Rowlatt Commission report?

  July 1918
• What did the Rowlatt Act allow in terms of legal proceedings?

  Imprisonment without trial and trial without jury
• What was the reaction of Indian members to the Rowlatt Act?

  Opposed by all Indian members
• What was the impact of the Rowlatt Act on Anglo-Indian relationships?

  Damaged relationships
• What was the response to the Rowlatt Act in Punjab and Amritsar?

  Opposition flared up across India
• What were the dates of the hartals organized in 1919?

  March 30 and April 6
• What happened after two organizers were put under house arrest?

  Rioting and anti-Raj violence erupted
• Who led the troops into Amritsar on April 12?

  Brigadier-General Rex Dyer
• What significant event occurred on April 13 in Amritsar?

  The Jallianwala Bagh massacre
• How many people were killed during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

  400
• How many were wounded during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

  1,500
• What did Dyer establish in Amritsar after the massacre?

  Martial law
• What was one of the orders under martial law in Amritsar?

  Indians had to salaam passing Europeans