AO3: Genetic basis

• Strength: Research support

  What? Strong evidence base

  Who? Gottesman (Family studies), Tienari (Adoption studies - heightened risk), Hilker (Twin studies - concordance rate of 33% for identical twins)

  Why? Some more vulnerable
• Limitation: Environmental factors

  What? Environmental factors

  Who? Morgan - Biological = birth complications; Psychological = childhood trauma

  Why? Incomplete explanation