origins of psychology

• 1900s

  Freud

  emphasises influence of unconscious mind on behaviour

  psychodynamic approach

  psychoanalysis- physical problems can be explained in terms of conflict within the mind
• 1913

  Watson + Skinner

  behaviouristic approach

  argue we should focus on behaviour not consciousness or mental processes

  behaviour is learnt via environmental conditioning
• 1879

  Wundt

  opened first experimental psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany

  introduced introspection
• 1950s

  Rodgers and Maslow

  humanistic approach

  emphasises free will and self-determination

  reject the behaviouristic and psychodynamic approaches

  focus on positive aspects of individual experience
• 1960s

  Bandura

  social learning theory

  pays attention to role of cognitive factors in learning

  provides bridge between newly established cognitive approach and traditional behaviourism
• 1980s onwards

  biological approach establishes itself as dominant biological approach

  caused by advantages in technology

  increased understanding of the brain and biological advances