Reproduction + mutation

• Sexual reproduction = 2 parents -> genetically different offspring
• Why does sexual = genetically different?

  offspring have a new combination of chromosomes from both parents
• Sexual reproduction uses meiosis
• Asexual reproduction = 1 parent -> offspring genetically identical to parent
• Clones = asexual reproduction
• Asexual reproduction uses mitosis
• Meiosis creates gametes
• Gametes = egg + sperm cells
• Mutation = change in a gene or dna caused by ionising radiation
• Clone defenition?

  an organism that is genetically identical to the parent
• Mutated gene creates abnormal protein or no protein
• normal gene Creates normal protein
• what increases rate of mutation?

  ionising radiation -> e.g UV light, x-rays & gamma rays