Gregor Mendel and the History of Genetics #76

• Who is considered the founding father of genetics?

  Gregor Mendel
• What was Gregor Mendel's profession?

  Austrian scientist and monk
• What did farmers know about crossbreeding by the 1800s?

  It could lead to more favorable offspring
• What traits did Mendel study in pea plants?

  Height, flower color, and pod color
• What was the result when Mendel crossed a green pea plant with a yellow pea plant?

  All offspring were yellow pea plants
• What did Mendel conclude about hereditary units?

  They can be dominant or recessive
• When are recessive hereditary units expressed?

  When inherited from both parents
• What did Mendel find in the second generation of yellow pea plants?

  Three quarters were yellow, one quarter green
• Why did the green pod appear in the third generation?

  It had two copies of the recessive unit
• What pattern did Mendel observe in his experiments with different traits?

  Dominant and recessive inheritance patterns
• What significant scientific discoveries occurred after Mendel's time?

  Discovery of chromosomes and DNA structure
• What did scientists notice about chromosomes in the early 1900s?

  They resembled Mendel's hereditary units
• What structure of DNA was discovered in the 1950s?

  The double helix structure
• When was the entire human genome sequenced?

  In 2003
• What is the history of genetics as discussed in the video?

  • Mendel's experiments with pea plants
  • Discovery of dominant and recessive traits
  • Importance of hereditary units
  • Advances in understanding chromosomes and DNA
  • Sequencing of the human genome