Classification #80

• What is the purpose of classifying species?

  To organize and understand biodiversity
• How did our ancestors classify species?

  Based on physical appearance
• What is a problem with naming species based on appearance?

  Different names for the same species exist
• Why are simple names insufficient for classification?

  They don't indicate species relationships
• Who proposed the Linnaean system of classification?

  Carl Linnaeus
• What does the Linnaean system group species into?

  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
• What language are the names in the Linnaean system primarily in?

  Latin
• How would you write the species name for humans?

  Homo sapiens
• What is the binomial naming system?

  A system using genus and species names
• What is the correct format for writing species names?

  Italicize and capitalize the genus
• What did Carl Woese propose in the 1990s?

  The three domain system of classification
• What are the three domains proposed by Woese?

  Eukaryota, bacteria, archaea
• What does the domain Eukaryota include?

  Organisms with eukaryotic cells
• What type of organisms does the domain Bacteria contain?

  Single-celled prokaryotic organisms
• What distinguishes Archaea from Bacteria?

  Archaea are often found in extreme conditions
• What are evolutionary trees used for?

  To show evolutionary relationships between species
• How do evolutionary trees illustrate relationships?

  By linking common ancestors
• What does a split in an evolutionary tree represent?

  A common ancestor splitting into species
• What methods do scientists use to learn about species relationships?

  Comparing structure and DNA
• What mnemonic can help remember the order of classification groups?

  Dear Kate Please Come Over For Great Spaghetti
• What are the main levels of the Linnaean classification system?

  • Domain
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Linnaean system compared to the three domain system?

  Strengths:

  • Simple and widely used
  • Historical significance

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Doesn't reflect genetic relationships
  • Limited by historical knowledge
• How do evolutionary trees differ in appearance?

  • They can represent the same information differently
  • Different formats can emphasize various relationships