Interactionist approach

Cards (47)

  • What biological component is indicated in schizophrenia research?
    Genes or biochemistry
  • How many genetic variations did Ripke et al. find associated with schizophrenia risk?
    108 separate genetic variations
  • What systems are likely linked to genetic factors in schizophrenia?
    Faulty dopaminergic systems
  • What was the concordance rate for MZ twins found by Joseph (2004)?
    40.4%
  • What was the concordance rate for DZ twins found by Joseph (2004)?
    7.4%
  • What does a high concordance rate in twins suggest about schizophrenia?
    It supports a genetic component
  • What does the fact that over half of identical twins do not both have schizophrenia suggest?
    Environmental factors may trigger the disorder
  • What does the diathesis-stress model argue about stress?
    It is psychological in nature
  • What has recent research focused on regarding stress and schizophrenia?
    Cannabis use and its effects
  • How much can cannabis use increase the risk of schizophrenia?
    Up to 7 times
  • What is the interactionist approach in treating schizophrenia?
    • Combines biological and psychological causes
    • Uses different therapies for treatment
    • Commonly combines antipsychotic medication with CBT
    • Treatment varies based on patient circumstances
  • Why is it ineffective to combine drugs with family therapy for some patients?
    If the patient has little contact with relatives
  • What do Turkington et al. (2006) argue about treating schizophrenia?
    Biological causes can still be treated psychologically
  • What is the common practice in Britain regarding antipsychotic drugs?
    Given first to reduce symptoms
  • How does the USA's approach to schizophrenia treatment differ from Britain's?
    Typically offers medication without psychological treatments
  • Is it common for either country to offer CBT without medication?
    No, it is rare
  • What is a limitation of the original diathesis-stress model?
    Its simplicity
  • Why is the original diathesis-stress model considered too simplistic?
    It claimed a single schizogene and stressor
  • What did Houston et al. (2008) find regarding childhood sexual trauma?
    It increased risk when using cannabis
  • What does the modern understanding of the diathesis-stress model include?
    Both biological and psychological factors
  • What was the aim of Tienari's (2004) study?
    To study genetic vulnerabilities and psychological triggers
  • How many women’s hospital records did Tienari review?
    Nearly 20,000 women
  • What was the time frame of the hospital admissions reviewed by Tienari?
    1960 to 1979
  • How many children were identified in the high-risk group?
    145 children
  • What was the matched sample size in the low-risk group?
    158 adoptees
  • What type of study was conducted by Tienari?
    A longitudinal study
  • How were the adoptees assessed in Tienari's study?
    By a blind psychiatrist
  • What factors were associated with the development of schizophrenia in Tienari's findings?
    High criticism, hostility, and low empathy
  • In which group were the negative factors associated with schizophrenia found?
    High genetic risk group
  • What does Tienari's study suggest about developing schizophrenia?
    Genetic vulnerability and family stress are needed
  • What was the original claim about the diathesis in the diathesis-stress model?
    A single schizogene
  • What was the original stressor in the diathesis-stress model?
    Dysfunctional parenting
  • What does the modern diathesis-stress model recognize about stressors?
    There are many types of stressors
  • What is the significance of the findings from Houston et al. (2008)?
    They show interaction of biological and psychological factors
  • What is the real-world application of the theory discussed?
    It is used for treatments.
  • What combination of treatments is suggested to be more effective?
    Antipsychotic medication with CBT
  • Who conducted the research on treatment effectiveness?
    Tarrier et al (2004)
  • How many participants were randomly allocated in the study?
    315 participants
  • What were the three conditions in the study?
    Medication and CBT, medication and counselling, medication only
  • What was the outcome for the first two conditions after the trial?
    Both showed lower symptoms