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Semester 2
L14. Evidence of evolution 1
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Cards (19)
What does 'evolution' concern?
Historical
account of life and changes
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What evidence supports the occurrence of evolution?
Comparative anatomy
Taxonomy
Geology and fossils
Biogeography
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How did Archbishop James Ussher date the origin of the earth?
4004 B.C.
using the Bible
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What was the belief about species 200-300 years ago?
Species
are
permanent
and
do
not
change
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What does the term 'fixity of species' refer to?
Species
are
permanent
natural
kinds
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What
does
the concept of 'design' imply in living things?
Living things seem designed for a
purpose
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How old is the Earth according to radioactive isotopes?
Approximately
4.5 billion
years
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What does adaptation refer to in evolution?
Fit between organisms and their
environment
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What is the 'blind watchmaker' concept in evolution?
Natural selection leads to
adaptation
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What is the significance of vestigial organs?
They are reduced
structures
with no
function
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What do homologous structures indicate?
Similar
construction
among different organisms
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What are the three views of geology?
Gradualism
: Small changes over time
Uniformitarianism
: Same processes act in the past
Catastrophism
: Catastrophic events cause extinction
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What does the depth of the sedimentary column imply?
The
Earth
is old
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What was Lord Kelvin's argument about the age of the Earth?
It is about
98 million
years old
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What did Kelvin not know about the Sun's energy source?
It is
nuclear fusion
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What is the significance of whale evolution?
Transition from
terrestrial
to
aquatic
life
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What does biogeography study?
Distribution of
organisms
Differences in
species
across areas
Similar environments yield different organisms
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What is the significance of Darwin's observations on the H.M.S. Beagle?
Distribution of
organic
beings in
South America
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What is the summary of key concepts in evolution?
Comparative anatomy
: Similar construction
Taxonomy
: Hierarchical life organization
Geology
: Ancient Earth and fossil records
Biogeography
: Different organisms in similar environments
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