Lesson 10: Krushchevs Berlin ultimatum and summit meetings

• What was the relationship between the USSR and the West by 1958?

  It was difficult and tense
• Why was Berlin significant in the tensions between the USSR and the West?

  It was divided and showed existing tensions
• What did Khrushchev believe about Kennedy in 1961?

  Kennedy was young and inexperienced
• Why did Khrushchev dislike the high numbers of refugees leaving East Germany?

  It showed discontent with communist rule
• What did Khrushchev want from the people in East Germany?

  He wanted them to help East Germany
• What was Khrushchev's goal regarding Berlin?

  He wanted East Germany to control all of Berlin
• Why did Khrushchev want to appear strong after the Hungarian uprising?

  To maintain credibility and authority
• What were Khrushchev's demands in his 'Berlin Ultimatum' in November 1958?

  Remove forces from East Berlin and make it free
• How did the West react to Khrushchev's ultimatum?

  They saw it as Soviet aggression
• What was the purpose of the summit meetings between 1959-61?

  To find solutions to tensions and weapons
• Where did the Geneva Summit take place?

  In Switzerland
• What was significant about the Camp David meeting in September 1959?

  Khrushchev and Eisenhower met face to face
• What was the outcome of the Camp David meeting regarding the Berlin Ultimatum?

  Khrushchev took away the ultimatum
• What happened at the Paris Summit in May 1960?

  Khrushchev walked out with no agreement
• What was the context of the Vienna Summit in June 1961?

  Kennedy was the new President of the USA
• How did Khrushchev view Kennedy during the Vienna Summit?

  Khrushchev thought Kennedy was inexperienced
• What was the result of the talks at the Vienna Summit?

  They ended with no agreement
• How did the personal relationship between Khrushchev and Kennedy affect the talks?

  It was poor and hindered negotiations
• What decision did Kennedy make regarding military spending?

  He increased it by $2 billion
• What message did Kennedy's military spending send to the Soviet Union?

  USA was prepared to use military force
• What event led to the construction of the Berlin Wall?

  The tensions in Berlin
• What was the significance of the Geneva Summit?

  It was the first of the four meetings
• What characterized the Camp David meeting between Khrushchev and Eisenhower?

  They had a personal rapport
• What incident affected the Paris Summit in May 1960?

  The U-2 spy plane incident
• What did the Vienna Summit reveal about Kennedy and Khrushchev?

  It highlighted their generational gap
• Why did Kennedy increase military spending?

  In response to perceived threats from the USSR