Urbanisation

• What is urbanisation?

  Urbanisation

  • Increased proportion of a country's population that lives in towns/cities
  • Caused by migration and natural increase (as a result of child-bearing families migrating)
  • Caused by globalisation (contributing to migration)
• What is urban growth?

  Urban growth

  • Increase in urban dwellers (city's population)
• What is urban expansion?

  Urban expansion

  • Physical increase in the size or geographical footprint of a city
• What is re-urbanisation?

  Re-urbanisation

  • Towns/cities in HICs grow as a result of reversing their declining populations
  • Redevelopment is needed to begin the actual process
• What is urban sprawl?

  Urban sprawl

  • Unplanned and uncontrolled growth of urban areas into the surrounding countryside located at the rural-urban fringe
• What is over-urbanisation?

  Over-urbanisation

  • Most LICs cities undergo this (evident in Mumbai, despite being an NEE)
  • Too many people migrate to the city
  • This creates housing shortages, poor housing, lack of sanitation
  • Lack of sanitation contributes to spread of diseases and unemployment
  • Can lead to crime and congestion
• What is rural-urban migration?

  Rural-urban migration

  • People migrate from the countryside to cities
  • Contributes significantly to urbanisation