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Sociology: beliefs
religion and social change
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Cards (61)
What is one function of religion in society?
Promoting social
stability
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How does religion act as a conservative force?
It opposes changes that promote
personal freedom
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What traditional belief does the Catholic Church uphold regarding marriage?
Men should be the head of the
household
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What does the term 'patriarchy' refer to in the context of religion?
Legitimization of
male dominance
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Who is associated with the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism?
Max Weber
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What did Weber argue about Calvinism's role in capitalism?
It helped bring about
modern capitalism
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How does Weber differentiate modern capitalism from past societies' greed for wealth?
Modern capitalism pursues
profit
for its own sake
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What is the concept of 'predestination' in Calvinism?
God
predetermined
who would be
saved
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What does 'divine transcendence' mean in Calvinist belief?
God is beyond
human understanding
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How do Marxists criticize Weber's view on capitalism?
They argue he
overestimates
ideas' role
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What does R.H. Tawney argue caused the birth of capitalism?
Technological
change, not religious ideas
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What was the civil rights movement primarily about?
Ending
racial segregation
and discrimination
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Who played a decisive role in the civil rights movement?
The
black clergy
, led by
Dr. Martin Luther King
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How did black churches contribute to the civil rights movement?
Provided support and
sanctuary
from violence
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What role did rituals play in the civil rights movement?
They fostered unity among
activists
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What did Bruce argue about the civil rights movement?
It involved
religion
in secular struggles
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What is the New Christian Right?
A conservative
Protestant
fundamentalist
movement
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Why is the New Christian Right considered a failed movement?
It hasn't reversed
liberalizing
laws
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What does liberation theology advocate?
Social change and liberation from
oppression
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What is the principle of hope according to Ernst Bloch?
Religion inspires
protest
and rebellion
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How does Pentecostalism differ from liberation theology?
Pentecostalism focuses on
individual self-improvement
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What do millenarian movements hope to achieve?
Bring about the
kingdom of God
on earth
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What does the term 'millennium' refer to in Christian theology?
A thousand years of
Christ's rule
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How do millenarian movements relate to social change?
They create a desire for
immediate
change
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What is Gramsci's view on religion and hegemony?
Religion can challenge the
status quo
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How does Bruce view the role of religion in the civil rights movement?
As a
catalyst
for social change
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What is one criticism of liberation theology?
It may not threaten
capitalism's
stability
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What is the main focus of the Pentecostal challenge?
Individual self-improvement through
faith
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How do liberation theology and Pentecostalism differ in their approach to poverty?
Liberation theology advocates
collective action
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What is the significance of Martin Luther King's funeral?
It
served
as
a
rallying
point
for
civil
rights
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What does the term 'hegemony' refer to in Gramsci's theory?
Dominance of one group over
others
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How does religion provide channels for political dissent?
By offering a
platform
for expressing grievances
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What role do churches play in negotiating change?
They act as respected mediators in
conflicts
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How did the black clergy influence the civil rights movement?
They provided moral
legitimacy
and support
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What was the outcome of the civil rights movement in 1964?
Segregation
was outlawed
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What does Bruce argue about the relationship between religion and social change?
Religion can facilitate
social
change
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How does the New Christian Right view American society?
As too liberal and in need of
conservatism
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What is the main criticism of the New Christian Right's approach?
It imposes beliefs on a
secular
society
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What is one characteristic of liberation theology?
It advocates for the
poor
and oppressed
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How does Bloch view the dual nature of religion?
It can
inhibit
and inspire
social change
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See all 61 cards
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