Extraction of Metals & Reduction

• What is the process of gaining oxygen called?

  Oxidation
• What happens when magnesium combines with oxygen?

  It forms magnesium oxide through oxidation
• What is reduction in terms of oxygen?


  Loss of oxygen
• What occurs when magnesium oxide is broken down?

  It reduces magnesium and oxygen
• Why do most metals oxidize when exposed to oxygen?

  Because they are fairly reactive with oxygen
• What is iron oxide commonly known as?

  Rust
• Why do unreactive metals like gold remain pure?

  They are too unreactive to oxidize
• What is the most common bonding element for metals?

  Oxygen
• What is the goal of reduction in metal extraction?

  To remove oxygen and obtain pure metals
• How can metal oxides be reduced to pure metals?

  By reacting them with carbon
• What does carbon do in the reduction process?

  It takes oxygen from the metal oxide
• What is produced when carbon reacts with metal oxides?

  Carbon dioxide
• Why can't all metals be reduced with carbon?

  Only metals less reactive than carbon can be
• What is the process called for extracting more reactive metals?

  Electrolysis
• What is a common ore of iron?

  Fe$_2$O$_3$
• How do we isolate pure iron from iron oxide?

  By reducing Fe$_2$O$_3$ with carbon
• What is the balanced equation for reducing Fe$_2$O$_3$ with carbon?


  Fe$_2$O$_3$ + C → Fe + CO$_2$
• What is required to reduce iron oxide to iron?

  Heat
• What happens to carbon during the reduction of metal oxides?

  Carbon is oxidized as it gains oxygen
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