ecos 8

• What is photosynthesis?

  A chemical reaction in chloroplasts
• What is the equation for photosynthesis?

  carbon dioxide + water -> sugar + oxygen
• What do plants need sugar for?

  Growth, respiration, starch, proteins, fats
• How do plants obtain carbon dioxide?

  Through the stomata in leaves
• What is aerobic respiration?

  Respiration with oxygen
• What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

  glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
• Where does respiration occur in cells?

  In the mitochondria of cells
• How is oxygen transported to cells?

  Via the bloodstream
• What happens to carbon dioxide in cells?

  It diffuses out into the bloodstream
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration without oxygen
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

  glucose -> lactic acid + energy
• What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in microorganisms?

  glucose -> alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy
• How does anaerobic respiration compare to aerobic respiration?

  Releases less energy than aerobic respiration
• Why is fermentation important?

  It is important in food and drink industry
• Where does carbon dioxide diffuse to after leaving cells?

  Into the alveoli of air sacs
• How do populations affect ecosystems?

  Variations in one population impact others
• What are populations in ecosystems?

  Living things in ecosystems
• What is an ecosystem?

  All organisms in a habitat and their interactions
• What is a community in ecology?

  Organisms found in a particular habitat
• What is a habitat?

  The particular place an organism lives
• What factors are included in a habitat?

  Climate, water, and nitrogen levels
• What do food chains show?

  The transfer of energy from one organism to another
• What do food webs illustrate?

  The transfer of energy between several food chains
• What do the arrows in food chains represent?

  The direction energy travels
• What is a producer?

  An organism that makes its own food
• What is a primary consumer?

  An organism that eats producers
• What is a secondary consumer?

  An organism that eats primary consumers
• What is a predator?

  An animal that hunts other animals
• What is prey?

  The animal the predator hunts
• What is chemosynthesis?

  Using chemical reactions to make food
• What is the role of sulfur bacteria?

  They produce glucose using sulfur compounds
• How do chemosynthetic bacteria obtain energy?

  From chemicals like sulfur compounds
• What are key terms related to ecosystems and processes?

  • aerobic
  • anaerobic
  • biomass
  • carnivore
  • chemosynthesis
  • chlorophyll
  • community
  • consumer
  • decay
  • detritus
  • ecosystem
  • fermentation
  • fertiliser
  • food chain
  • food web
  • habitat
  • mitochondrion
  • photosynthesis
  • population
  • predator
  • prey
  • starch