Muscular

• What is a joint?

  A place where two or more bones meet
• What is another term for a joint?

  Articulation
• What are tendons?

  Bands of connective tissue binding muscle to bone
• What is the function of tendons?

  Allow for movement across joints
• What supplies tendons with sensory fibers?

  Muscular nerves
• What do ligaments connect?

  Bone to bone
• How do ligaments compare to tendons in terms of stretchability?

  Ligaments are easier to stretch than tendons
• What is the role of ligaments in joint movement?

  Allows for a stable range of movement
• What is fascia?

  Dense fibrous connective tissue forming bands or sheets
• What does fascia support and anchor?

  Organs to nearby structures
• What is cartilage?

  Connective tissue in joints
• What is the function of cartilage in joints?

  Acts as a surface for articulation
• How does cartilage affect movement in joints?

  Allows for smooth movement with reduced friction
• What are the three main classifications of joints?

  • Fibrous
  • Cartilaginous
  • Synovial
• What connects bones in fibrous joints?

  Dense fibrous tissue
• What is the movement range of fibrous joints?

  Immovable to slightly moveable
• What are synchondroses in cartilaginous joints?

  Bones connected by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage
• What are symphyses in cartilaginous joints?

  Bones connected by a layer of fibrocartilage
• What characterizes synovial joints?

  Freely movable joints
• What is the function of the joint capsule?

  Seals the joint space
• How does the joint capsule provide stability?

  Limits movements for passive stability
• What role do proprioceptive nerve endings play in the joint capsule?

  Provides active stability
• What lubricates the joint for smooth movement?

  Synovial fluid
• Where is synovial fluid secreted from?

  Synovial membrane
• What are bursae?

  Flattened sacs of synovial fluid
• Where are bursae found?

  Where tendons rub against bones
• What is the function of bursae?

  Helps prevent friction in the joint
• What is articular cartilage?

  Smooth layer of cartilage covering bone ends
• How does articular cartilage affect movement?

  Reduces friction and helps smooth movement
• What is the meniscus?

  C-Shaped rings of fibrocartilage
• What is the function of the meniscus?

  Acts as a shock absorber between bones
• What are the six types of synovial joints?

  • Pivot
  • Hinge
  • Ball and socket
  • Gliding
  • Saddle
  • Condyloid (plane)
• What are the functions of the muscular system?

  Maintaining posture and tone
• How do muscles contribute to movement?

  Muscle contractions pull on bone tendons
• What role do muscles play in joint stabilization?

  Reinforcing joints for free movement
• How do muscles generate heat?

  By contracting during movement
• What do muscle cells produce for energy?

  Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
• What is the role of muscle fibers in protecting organs?

  Layers of muscle fibers protect visceral organs
• How do muscles aid digestion?

  Through peristalsis and moving waste
• How do muscles regulate fluid passage?

  Through internal body openings