Simple Equilibrium + Acid and bases

• What should you be able to describe by the end of this video?

  Acids, bases, alkalis, and neutralization
• What is a strong acid?

  An acid that completely dissociates in water
• What happens during neutralization?

  An acid reacts with a base to form salt
• What are the formulas of four different acids mentioned?

  Hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, ethanoic
• What element do all acids contain?

  Hydrogen
• What ion is released when an acid dissolves in water?

  Hydrogen ion (H⁺)
• What does it mean when an acid molecule dissociates?

  It splits into ions in solution
• What is the chloride ion associated with?

  Hydrochloric acid
• Why is hydrochloric acid classified as a strong acid?

  It completely dissociates in solution
• What is ethanoic acid classified as?

  A weak acid
• What is a base?

  A substance that can neutralize an acid
• What is produced when a base neutralizes an acid?

  A salt and water
• What is the reaction between copper oxide and sulfuric acid?

  Copper oxide + sulfuric acid → copper sulfate + water
• What replaces the hydrogen ions in the acid during neutralization?

  The metal ion from the metal oxide
• What is the reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?

  Magnesium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + water
• What are the products when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

  A salt, carbon dioxide, and water
• What is the reaction between sodium carbonate and nitric acid?

  Sodium carbonate + nitric acid → salt + CO₂ + water
• What defines an alkali?

  A base that dissolves in water
• Which bases are soluble in water?

  All group 1 metal hydroxides
• What happens when sodium hydroxide dissolves in water?

  It forms sodium hydroxide solution (an alkali)
• What ion do alkalis release in solution?

  Hydroxide ion (OH^-)
• What is the reaction between ammonium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?

  Ammonium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid → salt + water
• How can the neutralization reaction be summarized?

  H⁺ + OH^- → H₂O
• What are the key concepts related to acids, bases, and alkalis?

  • Acids contain hydrogen and release H⁺ ions
  • Strong acids fully dissociate in water
  • Weak acids partially dissociate in water
  • Bases neutralize acids to form salts and water
  • Alkalis are soluble bases that release OH^- ions
• What are the reactions involved in neutralization?

  1. Acid + Base → Salt + Water
  2. Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
  3. Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Salt + Water
  4. Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + CO₂ + Water