Context

• What was the main reason people migrated to England in medieval times?

  Possibility of a better life
• How did the migration of merchants and craft workers impact England?

  It helped make England prosperous
• What was the fate of Jews in England during medieval times?

  They were expelled in 1290
• What could spell disaster for merchants in medieval England?

  A wrong investment or poor trading town
• Who was King Alfred and what did he do regarding the Vikings?

  He made an arrangement with the Vikings
• What system did the Normans introduce after conquering England?

  The feudal system of landholding
• What was the role of Jewish moneylenders in medieval England?

  They funded merchants and tradespeople
• What characterized the lives of migrants in medieval England?

  Exciting but uncertain with opportunities and dangers
• When did the first Viking raid on England occur?

  In 789
• What did the Vikings seek during their raids?

  Treasure and valuable items
• What was the significance of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle?

  It recorded events over hundreds of years
• What was the name of the Viking army that landed in East Anglia in 865?

  The Great Army
• How did the Vikings use York after capturing it in 866?

  As a base to conquer eastern England
• What happened to the kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, and East Anglia by 878?

  They were conquered by the Vikings
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Edington?

  Alfred won a great victory over the Vikings
• What was the Danelaw?

  A boundary between Wessex and Viking lands
• What did Guthrum do after the Treaty of Wedmore?

  He was baptized a Christian
• What was the significance of the archaeological evidence found at Torksey?

  It showed Vikings engaged in trade and manufacturing
• What event triggered the Norman invasion of England in 1066?

  The death of King Edward the Confessor
• Why did William, Duke of Normandy, believe he was the rightful King of England?

  He believed Edward promised him the throne
• What preparations did William make for the invasion of England?

  He equipped his army and built ships
• When was William crowned King of England?

  On Christmas Day 1066
• What happened during William's coronation?

  There was fighting in the streets
• How did the Norman invasion differ from the Viking invasion?

  Normans sought power, not just land
• What did William want to be crowned as?

  King of England
• What was William's plan for England?

  To fill it with Normans and run it his way
• How was William's army described?

  Superbly fit and well equipped
• What did William order to be built for his invasion?

  Specially designed ships filled with soldiers and horses
• What did William bring with him to establish control?

  Castles prepared in sections
• Why were the castles prepared in sections?

  To put them together quickly
• When did the two armies face each other?

  14 October 1066
• Who was defending England against William's invasion?

  Harold Godwinson
• What was William fighting for?

  The throne of England he believed was his
• Where was William crowned King of England?

  Westminster Abbey
• What happened during William's coronation?

  Hand-to-hand fighting in the streets
• What does the fighting during the coronation indicate about the Norman takeover?

  It was not a good start
• What is the Bayeux Tapestry and its significance?

  • An embroidery about 70 metres long
  • Stitched in England around 1070
  • Earliest source about the Conquest
  • Tells the story from the Norman viewpoint
• What is the Jewish diaspora?

  The scattering of Jews from their homeland
• Why did William need to borrow money?

  To build stone castles and cathedrals
• Why could William only borrow money from Jews?

  Christians were forbidden from usury