Psychopathology

• What is the study of psychological disorders called?

  Psychopathology
• What does the term 'pathology' refer to in psychopathology?

  The study of the causes of diseases
• What are the four methods of defining abnormality?

  1. Statistical Infrequency (SI)
  2. Deviation from Social Norms (DSN)
  3. Failure to Function Adequately (FFA)
  4. Deviation from Ideal Mental Health (DIMH)
• How is a person's behavior classified as abnormal in Statistical Infrequency?

  If it is rare or statistically unusual
• What does a statistically infrequent behavior indicate?

  It is considered abnormal
• What does the normal distribution curve represent in terms of abnormality?

  Majority of people are defined as 'normal'

  
• What is a strength of Statistical Infrequency in clinical practice?

  It is useful for diagnosis and assessment
• What IQ score is considered statistically infrequent for intellectual disability disorder?

  Below 70
• What does a score of 30+ on the Beck depression inventory indicate?

  Severe depression
• Why is Statistical Infrequency not sufficient to define abnormality?

  Unusual characteristics can be positive or negative
• What is a potential negative effect of labeling someone as abnormal?

  It may affect their self-view negatively
• What are social norms?

  Society's unwritten rules for acceptable behavior
• How is behavior considered abnormal in Deviation from Social Norms?

  If it differs from accepted standards
• What is a strength of Deviation from Social Norms in clinical practice?

  It is useful in diagnosing personality disorders
• How can cultural differences affect the Deviation from Social Norms definition?

  Norms vary across cultures and situations
• What is Failure to Function Adequately (FFA)?


  An inability to cope with day-to-day life
• What are some signs of failing to function adequately according to Rosenhan & Seligman?

  Severe personal distress and irrational behavior
• What criteria must be met for good mental health according to Jahoda?

  No symptoms, rational perception, self-actualization
• What are Jahoda's criteria for good mental health?

  1. No symptoms or distress
  2. Rational perception of self
  3. Self-actualization
  4. Coping with stress
  5. Realistic view of the world
  6. Good self-esteem and lack of guilt
  7. Independence from others
  8. Ability to work, love, and enjoy leisure
• What is a strength of the ideal mental health criterion?

  It covers a broad range of mental health criteria
• What is a limitation of Jahoda's classifications?

  They are culture-bound and not universal
• Why might Jahoda's criteria set an unrealistically high standard for mental health?

  Very few meet all criteria all the time
• What is the purpose of writing a scenario of an 'abnormal' situation?

  To illustrate definitions of abnormality
• What does it mean for a behavior to be deemed 'statistically infrequent'?

  It is rare and does not commonly occur