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Biology unit 1,5
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Caitlyn parry
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Cards (158)
What molecule determines the specific mRNA that transfers amino acids?
Anticodon
on
tRNA
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What is the name for the process where the A site joins to the attachment site on the tRNA molecule?
Actuation
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What molecule is required for the process of actuation?
ATP
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How many bases on the genetic code code for one amino acid?
3
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On the genetic code, what is the complementary sequence to ACG?
UGC
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Alanine (ala)?
ACA
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Lysine (lys)?
TGG
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Glysine (gly)?
AGC
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Cystine (cys)?
TGC
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Serine (ser)?
CAG
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Valin (val)?
TTA
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According to the text, what is the three-base code for Prolin (pro)?
CCC
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A strand of DNA includes 452 bases; how many amino acids will make up the protein?
150
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What are the four bases found in DNA?
Adenine
,
Thymine
,
Guanine
,
Cytosine
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What are the four bases found in RNA?
Adenine
,
Uracil
,
Guanine
,
Cytosine
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Which base is not found in RNA?
Thymine
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Name the purine bases.
Adenine
and
guanine
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What do purine and pyrimidine bases form when joined to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar?
Nucleosides
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Name the pyrimidine bases.
Cytosine
,
thymine
, and uracil
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What do nucleosides form when joined with phosphoric acid?
Nucleotides
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What do nucleotides join together to form?
Nucleic acids
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How do heterotrophic organisms derive their chemical energy?
From
food
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How do autotrophic organisms derive their chemical energy?
From
light energy
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What molecule makes energy available when needed?
ATP
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Approximately how much ATP do we make and break down every day?
50 kg
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Approximately how much ATP does the body contain?
5 g
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What is ATP sometimes called?
'Energy currency'
of the cell
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Where is ATP synthesized?
In the
mitochondria
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What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
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What three components does ATP contain?
Adenine
,
ribose
, and three
phosphates
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What enzyme hydrolyzes ATP when energy is needed?
ATPase
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What products are formed when ATP is hydrolysed?
ADP
and an
inorganic phosphate ion
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How much energy is released when one mole of ATP is hydrolysed?
30.6
kJ
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What type of reaction is ATP hydrolysis?
Exergonic
reaction
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What type of reaction is ATP synthesis?
Endergonic
reaction
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What is the addition of phosphate to ADP called?
Phosphorylation
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What does ATP transfer to cellular reactions?
Free energy
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What process do living organisms use to release energy from glucose gradually?
Respiration
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What is the immediate result of ATP hydrolysis to ADP?
Energy release
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How many enzymes are needed to release energy from ATP?
One
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