midterms - history - The Blitz 💣

• What was a significant agricultural advancement during the Industrial Revolution?

  New tools, fertilizers, and harvesting techniques
• How did industry change during the Industrial Revolution?

  Factories appeared, producing more efficiently
• What was the impact of new factories on employment during the Industrial Revolution?

  Increased job opportunities across the country
• Who built road canals in the 1800s?

  Thomas Telford
• What was the significance of George Stephenson's steam train?

  It initiated the 'railway Mania' in the 1830s
• What was a major limitation before the development of railways?

  No efficient way to transport goods
• How did transportation change for people during the Industrial Revolution?

  People could travel around the country easily
• What raw materials were crucial for powering factories?

  Iron ore and coal
• What was Britain's global influence by 1900?

  Controlled 1/5 of the world's surface
• How did Britain utilize its colonies during the Industrial Revolution?

  Used materials and sold them for profit
• When was the Bridgewater Canal opened?

  1761
• How did travel time change from Edinburgh to London by road from 1830?

  Reduced from 2 weeks to 48 hours
• What was the first public railway and when did it open?

  Stockton & Darlington in 1825
• How did the railway system impact trade and travel?

  Improved trade, travel, access, and communication
• What was the population distribution in Britain in 1750?

  80% lived in the countryside
• What was the population distribution in Britain by 1850?

  Over 40% lived in towns
• What were the consequences of overcrowding in cities during the Industrial Revolution?

  Led to disease and poor living conditions
• What diseases were prevalent in cities during the Industrial Revolution?

  Typhoid, Tuberculosis, and Cholera
• What caused the poor sanitation in cities?

  Gutters filled with smelly water and waste
• What was a major issue with water supply in villages?

  No running water and polluted sources
• What was the working condition regarding hours during the Industrial Revolution?

  Working hours were 12-16 hours long
• What were the wages for male workers during the Industrial Revolution?

  15 shillings
• What were the wages for female and child workers?

  3 shillings
• What was a common form of discipline in factories?

  Strapping with a leather strip
• What were the dangers children faced in factories?

  Accidents from crawling into machinery
• What were the effects of loud noises in factories?

  Damage to hearing and often fatal accidents
• How many people died as a result of the event mentioned?

  45,000
• How many people were injured?

  91,000
• How many people became homeless?

  2.28 million+
• How many tons of high explosives were dropped?

  30,000 tons
• How many raids were conducted?

  127 raids
• How many tons of explosives were dropped on London?

  15,800 tons
• What did people carry while out during the event?

  • Gas masks
  • Regularly examined for safety
• Which cities were bombed during the war?

  London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool
• Why were children sent to the countryside?

  • To stay with other families
  • To escape the bombings (The Blitz)
• What was the Blitz?

  Intense bombing campaign in Britain
• What were public shelters made for during the Blitz?

  • To accommodate 500 people
  • Often located in the underground
• When did the Blitz occur?

  September 1940 - May 1941
• What was the blackout during the Blitz?

  All street lights turned off at night
• What were the conditions like during the blackout?

  • Very crowded
  • Limited entertainment options