Risk of stress, anxiety, humiliation or pain

• What must an experimenter justify when inducing stress or pain in experiments?

  The minimum amount needed
• What are the ways to deal with ethical issues in experiments?

  • Make the right to withdraw clear
  • Provide rewards even if withdrawn
  • Ensure harm is minimal and everyday
  • Seek permission from an ethical committee
  • Stop study if risk becomes too high
• How should the right to withdraw be communicated to participants?

  Very clear at the start of the study
• What should happen to rewards if a participant withdraws from a study?

  They should still be given
• What is the guideline regarding harm in experiments?

  Harm must not exceed everyday life
• Who must permission be sought from before conducting an experiment?

  Ethical committee
• What should an experimenter do if the risk of harm becomes too high?

  Stop the study immediately