states of matter

• What are the three states of matter?

  Solid, liquid, and gas
• What processes occur at the melting point?

  Melting and freezing
• What processes occur at the boiling point?

  Boiling and condensing
• How can students predict the states of substances at different temperatures?

  • By using appropriate data
  • Understanding temperature effects on states
• How can the three states of matter be represented in a simple model?

  Particles are represented by small solid spheres
• What does particle theory explain about changes of state?

  It explains melting, boiling, freezing, and condensing
• What factors influence the temperatures at which changes of state occur?

  Energy transfers and types of bonding
• What determines the amount of energy needed to change state?

  Strength of the forces between particles
• How does the strength of forces between particles affect melting and boiling points?

  Stronger forces lead to higher melting and boiling points
• What do atoms lack in terms of material properties?

  Bulk properties of materials
• What is a limitation of the simple model of particle theory?

  Particles are represented as solid inelastic spheres
• What do the state symbols (s), (l), (g), and (aq) represent in chemical equations?

  Solid, liquid, gas, and aqueous solutions
• How should students include state symbols in chemical equations?

  • Use (s) for solid
  • Use (l) for liquid
  • Use (g) for gas
  • Use (aq) for aqueous solutions