Humans and Animals

• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

  Glucose → Lactic acid
• How can organisms continue to respire without oxygen?

  By using anaerobic respiration
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Breakdown of glucose without oxygen
• Why can human muscles respire anaerobically for short periods?

  To escape danger and survive
• What is produced from glucose during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

  Lactic acid
• Where does anaerobic respiration occur in the cell?

  In the cytoplasm
• Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

  Aerobic Respiration:

  • Presence of oxygen: Present
  • Oxidation of glucose: Complete
  • Products: Carbon dioxide and water
  • Energy released: Relatively large amount
  • Location: Mitochondria

  
  

  Anaerobic Respiration:

  • Presence of oxygen: Absent or in short supply
  • Oxidation of glucose: Incomplete
  • Products: Lactic acid (in mammals)
  • Energy released: Small amounts, but quickly
  • Location: Cytoplasm
• What is oxygen debt?

  The oxygen needed to break down lactic acid
• What happens during intense exercise regarding oxygen supply?

  Heart and lungs can't supply enough oxygen
• What builds up in muscles during anaerobic respiration?

  Lactic acid
• What can result from the build-up of lactic acid?

  Muscle fatigue and cramp
• What is the equation for breaking down lactic acid?

  Lactic acid + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
• Why do you breathe heavily after exercise?

  To take in oxygen to pay off oxygen debt