Factors affecting the rate of reaction

• What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Temperature, concentration, pressure, surface area, catalyst
• What is the theory behind chemical reactions called?

  Collision theory
• What must particles do to react according to collision theory?

  Collide with sufficient energy
• What is the term for the minimum energy required for a reaction?

  Activation energy
• What happens if particles collide with less energy than the activation energy?

  They bounce apart without reacting
• What two main factors determine the rate of a chemical reaction?

  Energy of particles and collision frequency
• How does increasing the energy of particles affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the likelihood of surpassing activation energy
• What is the effect of increasing the frequency of collisions on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the number of successful collisions
• What happens to particles as temperature increases?

  They gain more energy and move faster
• How does increased concentration or pressure affect reaction rate?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• Why does a higher surface area increase the rate of reaction?


  It provides more area for collisions
• How would using powdered magnesium affect its reaction with acid?

  It would increase the reaction rate
• What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

  It speeds up the reaction without being consumed
• How does a catalyst affect activation energy?

  It lowers the activation energy required
• What is a common source of catalysts?


  Transition metals like cobalt and nickel
• What are enzymes?

  Catalysts made by living organisms
• What are the effects of temperature, concentration, pressure, surface area, and catalysts on reaction rates?

  • Temperature: Increases energy and collision frequency
  • Concentration: More particles per volume, increasing collisions
  • Pressure: Similar to concentration for gases
  • Surface Area: Higher area leads to more collisions
  • Catalysts: Lower activation energy, increase successful collisions
• How do temperature and concentration affect the energy and frequency of collisions?

  • Temperature increases particle energy and speed
  • Higher concentration increases particle density
  • Both lead to more frequent and successful collisions