Life cycle assessments

• What is the focus of today's video?

  Life cycle assessments
• What do life cycle assessments analyze?

  The different stages in a product's life cycle
• How many main stages are there in a life cycle assessment?

  Four main stages
• What are the four main stages of a life cycle assessment?

  Extraction, manufacturing, usage, disposal
• What is important to focus on in life cycle assessments?

  Understanding stages, not memorizing facts
• What environmental damage occurs during resource extraction?

  Direct damage to the local environment
• What can processing materials indirectly damage?

  The environment through energy use and pollutants
• What are the three main problems in manufacturing and packaging?

  Energy use, pollution release, waste production
• What happens to waste products in manufacturing?

  They are often useless and disposed of
• What two factors must be considered when using a product?

  Lifetime damage and usage duration
• How does the usage of a durable bag differ from a single-use bag?

  Durable bags are reused many times
• What is the impact of placing a product in landfill?

  It takes up space and may release chemicals
• What happens when waste products are burned?

  They may release pollutants into the atmosphere
• What is the raw material for plastic bags?

  Crude oil
• How are paper bags made?

  From wood, reducing animal habitats
• What is required to manufacture plastic bags?

  Cracking hydrocarbons and polymerization
• What process is used to manufacture paper bags?

  Pulping timber into small pieces
• How do plastic and paper bags differ in usage?

  Plastic bags can be reused multiple times
• What is a major disadvantage of plastic bags?

  They are not biodegradable
• Why are paper bags considered better for disposal?

  They are biodegradable and non-toxic
• What is a limitation of life cycle assessments?

  Complexity makes quantifying steps difficult
• Why is it hard to compare environmental impacts?

  Different pollutants affect health and climate differently
• How can life cycle assessments be manipulated?

  To support a particular company for advertising
• What is a challenge in assessing life cycle assessments?

  Complex calculations are hard to notice