Waste water

• What are the two main purposes of treating wastewater?

  Reuse it or safely return to nature
• What are the three main sources of wastewater?

  Domestic, agricultural, and industrial
• What does domestic waste refer to?

  Household waste like water from showers
• Where does domestic wastewater go after being flushed?

  Into the sewers and sewage treatment plants
• What type of wastewater is produced by agriculture?

  Nutrient runoff and animal waste
• What do industrial sources of wastewater include?

  Factories that make and use chemicals
• Why must all wastewater be treated?

  To make it safe for disposal
• What is generally removed from domestic and agricultural sewage?

  Organic matter and harmful microbes
• What additional steps are needed for industrial wastewater treatment?

  Extra steps to remove harmful chemicals
• What is the first step in sewage treatment?

  Screening to remove large items
• What happens during sedimentation in sewage treatment?

  Heavier solids sink to form sludge
• What is the lighter part of the sewage called after sedimentation?

  Effluent
• What is the purpose of biological breakdown in sewage treatment?

  To break down organic matter
• What conditions are maintained in the effluent tank?

  Aerobic conditions with oxygen
• What conditions are maintained in the sludge tank?

  Anaerobic conditions with little oxygen
• What is produced during anaerobic digestion of sludge?

  Methane, which can be captured
• What can the remaining digested waste from sludge be used for?

  As fertilizer rich in nutrients
• What additional stages may be needed for wastewater with toxic substances?

  Adding chemicals or using ultraviolet radiation
• Why is treating wastewater considered easier than desalinating salt water?

  It requires less effort and resources
• Why do some countries rely on treating wastewater for drinking supplies?

  Limited water supply, like Singapore
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