vacuoles

• What structure is indicated by the arrow pointing towards the outermost layer of the cell?

  Cell wall

  
• How do proteins get from the ER to the Golgi?

  Through transport vesicles

  
• What organelle is responsible for post-translational modifications and packaging of proteins?

  Golgi

  
• What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?

  • Break down cellular waste products
  • Digest unwanted materials
  • Recycle components for reuse

  
• What type of vacuole is labeled in the image, specifically designed to break down materials?

  Lytic vacuole

  
• Which organelle is the primary storage site for genetic material?

  Nucleus

  
• What is the endoplasmic reticulum and what are its two types?

  The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranous tubules and sacs within the cytoplasm. Its two types are:

  • Rough ER (has ribosomes on its surface)
  • Smooth ER (lacks ribosomes)

  
• What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in protein synthesis?

  Synthesizes proteins

  
• What type of vacuole stores proteins within the cell?

  Protein storage vacuole

  
• What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in lipid metabolism?

  Synthesizes and processes lipids

  
• Which organelle is involved in lipid synthesis?

  Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

  
• What do large central vacuoles in plant cells contain?

  Water, mineral salts, and enzymes
• What is the tonoplast?

  Membrane surrounding a vacuole
• How do lysosomes differ from other vacuoles?

  Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes