c4.1-chemistry

• What group do alkali metals belong to on the periodic table?

  Group 1
• Where are alkali metals located on the periodic table?

  First column on the far left
• Why are alkali metals stored in oil?

  To prevent reaction with oxygen and water
• What are the typical properties of alkali metals?

  • Shiny when freshly cut
  • Good conductors of electricity
  • Solid at room temperature
• What happens to the softness of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  They become softer and easier to cut
• How does the density of alkali metals change down the group?

  The density increases
• What trend occurs with the melting point of alkali metals as you go down the group?

  The melting point decreases
• What happens when lithium, sodium, and potassium are placed in water?

  • Lithium fizzes slowly
  • Sodium forms a molten ball and fizzes
  • Potassium bursts into fire and moves quickly
• What is the word equation for lithium reacting with water?

  Lithium + Water → Lithium Hydroxide + Hydrogen
• What is the general word equation for alkali metals reacting with water?

  Metal + Water → Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
• What is the balanced symbol equation for sodium reacting with water?

  2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
• What is the state symbol for solid, liquid, aqueous solution, and gas?

  Solid (s), Liquid (l), Aqueous (aq), Gas (g)
• Why do alkali metals react similarly with water?

  They all have 1 electron in outer shell
• How does the reactivity of alkali metals change down the group?

  Reactivity increases down the group
• Why does reactivity increase down the group for alkali metals?

  Outer electron is further from nucleus
• What happens to the force of attraction on the outer electron as you go down the group?

  The force of attraction weakens